旅游发展给世界遗产地带来的影响日益受到众多学者关注。本文通过对全国13个遗产地进行分组调研与考察,利用SPSS13.0对数据进行统计描述分析、多组数据单项方差分析,对遗产地经济、社会、环境、文化影响的总体影响进行定量归纳,并重点利用对应分析法分析了不同性别、年龄及学历的受访者对旅游影响的感知差异。

The impact that tourism industry have on tourism World Heritage Sites attracts growing concern from many scholars. Based on the research and fieldwork of 13 nationwide heritage sites, by adoption of SPSS13.0 as the analysis tool, this paper uses the method of descriptive statistics analysis, one way ANOVA for subgroup data to make a quantitative analysis of the overall economic, social, environmental and cultural impacts of heritage sites. Correspondence analysis is an exploratory technique to analyze simple two-way and multi-way tables containing some measure of correspondence between the rows and columns. It is a visual data analysis method that can directly show the linkages between several sets of data by positioning them on a map. This paper explores the perceived difference in the aspects of sex, age and educational level by correspondence analysis. The conclusions are that heritage tourism development has a wide range of positive effects on economy, culture, society and environment. However, negative impacts like traffic jams and noise pollution issues become increasingly prominent. More women consider that the life quality declines due to tourism development and have lower satisfaction with the infrastructure. Age difference is an important factor that affected people's attitude toward tourism economic impact, infrastructure and recreational facilities. People between 31-45 years old are able to see both the positive and negative impacts of tourism, and they pay more attention to the actual gains and losses, while 20-30 year-old people are more optimistic towards the tourism industry. 20-45 year old respondents have more demand for leisure facilities. Only the 20-30 year-old people show positive attitude towards infrastructure improvement. 46-65 year old respondents have positive attitude to tourism cultural impact. The study also find respondents with higher education are more likely to perceive the negative social and environmental impacts and disagree that tourism development would contribute to the protection of heritage and the local culture development.