交通拥堵治理的空间与基础设施政策综述

张文佳; 王梅梅

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.02.004

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人文地理 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2) : 20-26. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.02.004

中国时空间行为研究前沿

交通拥堵治理的空间与基础设施政策综述

张文佳, 王梅梅

作者信息 +

A SURVEY OF PLACE-BASED AND INFRASTRUCTURE-BASED POLICIES FOR MITIGATING URBAN TRAFFIC CONGESTION

ZHANG Wen-jia, WANG Mei-mei

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

交通拥堵是制约国内外城市可持续发展的瓶颈问题之一，给城市经济、社会与环境带来诸多负面影响。本文聚焦城市交通拥堵的结构性因素，系统归纳和综述了引导可持续出行行为的空间政策（如城市空间结构和土地利用政策）与基础设施供应侧政策（如道路和公共交通基础设施投资政策），及其在交通拥堵治理上的理论探讨、学术争论焦点、实证分析及当前亟需解决的研究问题等。研究发现城市空间与基础设施策略对交通拥堵的缓解作用存在较大时空差异。理论与实证研究需要加强对城市土地、交通和经济等系统的相互作用机理研究，并注重交通拥堵产生的时空间变化过程。

Abstract

Traffic congestion is a critical urban issue that restricts sustainable development of large cities in China and around the world, resulting in negative economic, social and environmental influences. This article investigates the structural factors of traffic congestion under the perspective of sustainable travel behavior in space and time. We focus on two supply-side policies, including place-based policies (urban spatial structure and land use policies) and infrastructure-based policies (investment policies of road infrastructure and public transportation infrastructure). We systematically examine the major research arguments, theoretical insights, empirical findings, and urgent research issues related to the studies of traffic congestion. Findings suggest that the existing research of place-based policies mainly focuses on the impact of compact land use patterns (e.g., land use density, land use mixture, and urban growth boundary) and polycentric urban spatial structure (e.g., the number and distribution of employment centers, jobs-housing balance) on traffic congestion. While spatial policies have multiple scales, few studies have integrated variant geographical scales together to evaluate anti-congestion policies. As to the infrastructure strategies, many studies in the developed countries have focused on the effects of the expansion of infrastructure volume on induced travel outcomes, and developed the so-called "fundamental law of highway congestion". This "law" suggests that building more roads may not relieve rather aggravate traffic congestion due to the induced travel. In addition, existing studies on the anti-congestion efficiency of improving public transport facilities reveal that the effects of bus and transit infrastructure are different, varying with the developmental stages of the public transit system.

导出引用

张文佳, 王梅梅. 交通拥堵治理的空间与基础设施政策综述[J]. 人文地理. 2021, 36(2): 20-26 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.02.004

ZHANG Wen-jia, WANG Mei-mei. A SURVEY OF PLACE-BASED AND INFRASTRUCTURE-BASED POLICIES FOR MITIGATING URBAN TRAFFIC CONGESTION[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2021, 36(2): 20-26 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.02.004

中图分类号： K901

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