健康社区研究与规划建设综述

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2023.02.001

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摘要作为城市的基本单元，健康社区建设研究是健康城市与“环境—行为—健康”模式的研究热点。通过对国内外“环境—行为—健康”模式及健康社区的研究梳理发现：“环境—行为—健康”的研究尺度不断细化，已由早期的区域尺度发展到如今居住区、社区层面。在实践层面，健康社区的建设从最初的硬环境建设扩展到了软环境建设；健康社区的治理对象从面向全体社区居民的宏观策略，转向关注全体及弱势群体利益的具体措施两个维度。在评价与影响因素层面，政府、开发商、居民和物业之间的博弈构成了影响健康社区建设的关键因素；健康社区评价指标正沿着马斯洛需求层次不断拓展，但是高层级的评价指标面临着理想指标偏少以及可获得性偏低双重挑战。当前健康社区研究存在实践研究偏弱、建设多围绕低层级需求进行、评价体系缺少主观层面及高层级研究、影响因素对多主体的博弈关注较少等问题，未来研究应完善理论研究体系、增加健康社区实践研究的比重、开拓健康社区建设维度、拓展健康社区评价及影响因素的研究广度与深度、使用便携设备注重个体时空行为研究等。

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	赵新正
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	李同昇
	董欣
	朱菁

关键词 ：环境行为健康, 健康社区, 建设实践, 评价体系, 影响因素

Abstract：Through the research on the "environment behavior health" model and healthy communities at home and abroad, it is found that the research scale of "environment behavior health" has been continuously refined, and has developed from the early regional scale to the current residential area and community level. As one of the current research hotspots, healthy community has the construction concept of security, inclusiveness and sustainability. In practice, the construction of healthy community has expanded from the initial hard environment construction to the soft environment construction; the governance object of healthy community has changed from the macro strategy oriented to all community residents to the specific measures focusing on the interests of all and vulnerable groups. At the level of evaluation and influencing factors, the game among government, developers, residents and property constitutes the key factor affecting the construction of healthy communities; the evaluation indicators of healthy communities are expanding along the Maslow demand level, but the high-level evaluation indicators are facing the dual challenges of less ideal indicators and low availability. Finally, this paper points out that the current healthy community research has some shortcomings.

Key words： environment-behavior-health healthy communities construction practice evaluation system influence factor

收稿日期: 2022-02-11

PACS:

TU984

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（41401184）；陕西省社会科学基金项目（2020D010）；陕西省社科界 2020年度重大理论与现实问题研究项目（20TJ-14）

通讯作者: 李同昇（1960—），男，陕西岐山人，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为经济地理与区域发展。E-mail: leetang@nwu.edu.cn。 E-mail: leetang@nwu.edu.cn

作者简介: 赵新正（1983—），男，河南安阳人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为城市—区域空间组织。E-mail: xzzhao@nwu.edu.cn。

引用本文:

赵新正, 张得康, 高玮, 李磊, 李同昇, 董欣, 朱菁. 健康社区研究与规划建设综述[J]. 人文地理, 2023, 38(2): 1-9. ZHAO Xin-zheng, ZHANG De-kang, GAO Wei, LI Lei, LI Tong-sheng, DONG Xin, ZHU Jing. SUMMARY OF HEALTHY COMMUNITY RESEARCH AND PLANNING. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2023, 38(2): 1-9.

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http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2023.02.001 或 http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V38/I2/1

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