高速铁路对中国城市产业结构的影响研究

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.05.019

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摘要交通是影响城市产业发展的重要因素，高铁作为一种新型交通工具必将对城市产业发展产生影响。修正市场潜力模型分析高铁对中国城市产业结构的影响。结果表明：①总体上，高铁提升了城市服务业的比重，降低了城市制造业的比重；制造业型城市和服务业型城市的服务业比重都得到提升，制造业比重都下降；从单个城市来看，高铁提升了大多数制造业型城市和大多数服务业型城市服务业的比重。②对于制造业型城市的产业结构升级，高铁主要促进该类城市一般服务业比重的提升；对于服务业型城市的产业结构强化，高铁主要促进这些城市高端服务业比重的提升。③高铁的开通增强了中心城市的溢出效应，促进了中心城市及其周边城市的产业结构升级。

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关键词 ：高速铁路, 市场潜力, 城市产业结构, 中国

Abstract：Transportation is one of the most important location factors which influence urban development. High speed rail (HSR), as a newly important form of transportation, reduces the cost of the transport, which will directly or indirectly contribute to urban economic development. The direct effect refers to itself as a kind of location factor improving regional transportation conditions and regional accessibility. The indirect impact is that it can influence the flow of labor, capital and other geographical factors' spatial distribution and finally change the location conditions of urban development. Both influences may contribute HSR as kind of agglomeration or dispersion force of economy. In order to analyze the effect of high speed rail upon urban industrial structure, we use 2010 China Industrial and Commercial Enterprise Registration data, and revise the Market Potential model to calculate the market potential of the selected industries which have inputoutput connection and spatial linkage, and then get the new employment of each industrial sector and analyze the effects of HSR upon urban industrial structure. Results show:1) In general, the proportion of urban manufacturing industry shows a downward trend, and decrease slightly, the proportion of service industry shows an upward trend, and increase slightly. 2) HSR mainly increases the proportion of low-end service of manufacturing-oriented cities and the high-end service industry of service-oriented cities. 3) The impact of HSR is greater on the cities that surround or distribute on the radiation lines of core cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, which implies that HSR strengthens the spillover effect of the core cities and meanwhile reduce the potential of development of the edge cities.

Key words： high speed rail market potential urban industrial structure China

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金项目（41171131）

通讯作者: 孟晓晨(1955-),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为城市经济与经济地理。E-mail:xcm@urban.pku.edu.cn。 E-mail: xcm@urban.pku.edu.cn

作者简介: 蒋华雄(1989-),男,四川达州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为城市经济与经济地理。E-mail:huaxiong_jiang@163.com。

引用本文:

蒋华雄, 蔡宏钰, 孟晓晨. 高速铁路对中国城市产业结构的影响研究[J]. 人文地理, 2017, 32(5): 132-138. JIANG Hua-xiong, CAI Hong-yu, MENG Xiao-chen. THE STRUCTURAL IMPACT OF HIGH SPEED RAIL UPON URBAN INDUSTRIES IN CHINA. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 32(5): 132-138.

链接本文:

http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.05.019 或 http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2017/V32/I5/132

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