人对特定地方的情感依恋是一种特殊的人地关系现象。本文以皖南的西递、宏村、南屏三个古村落为案例对居民的地方依恋特征进行了研究。研究表明,①古村落居民与其所居住的村落之间存在一定的情感依恋关系,地方依恋是古村落中客观存在的一种人地关系现象;②古村落居民的地方依恋由地方依赖和地方认同两个维度构成,居民对古村落的地方依恋主要来源于对古村落的情感性依恋,居民对古村落的情感性依恋要大于功能性依恋;③时间是居民地方依恋形成的主要影响因素,居民地方依恋的形成是一个长期的积淀过程。其中,地方依赖主要受居民从古村落旅游发展中获得的经济收益大小的影响,而地方认同主要受居民在古村落中生活居住时间的影响。古村落居民的地方依恋研究对古村落的保护与管理具有现实的意义。

Place attachment, an emotional attachment to a certain place, is a kind of special phenomenon about man-land relationship and a hot topic of western recreation geography and environmental psychology. The western researches on the theory and methodology become increasingly mature. Taking ancient villages Xidi, Hongcun and Nanping in southern Anhui as examples, this paper measures place attachment of ancient village residents by designing measurement scale and analyzes its general characteristics and dimensional structure. The result shows that (1) emotional attachment exists between residents and the villages they live in, and place attachment is an objective phenomenon about man-land relationship in ancient villages; (2) residents' place attachment is comprised by two dimensions-place dependence and place identity. Place attachment comes more from place identity, an emotional attachment, than from place dependence, a functional attachment. Residents' emotional attachment to ancient villages is more significant than their functional attachment; (3) time is the main factor in the formation of residents' place attachment, which is a long process of accumulation. Place dependence is influenced mainly by the economic benefits obtained from tourism development in ancient villages, and place identity by the residence time in ancient villages. This study also demonstrates the validity of the measurement scale and the applicability of this measurement technology in place attachment research in china. Place attachment research in ancient village presents a new perspective for ancient village planning, protection and management research, which also offers basis for the establishment of ancient village protection and management measures.