STUDY ON THE CITY NETWORK BASED ON VALUE CHAIN DIVISION OF CHINESE FILM INDUSTRY

WEN Hu; ZHANG Qiang-guo; SU Xu

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.02.013

PDF(2038 KB)

HUMAN GEOGRAPHY ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2) : 97-104. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.02.013

STUDY ON THE CITY NETWORK BASED ON VALUE CHAIN DIVISION OF CHINESE FILM INDUSTRY

WEN Hu, ZHANG Qiang-guo, SU Xu

Author information +

History +

Abstract

Distinguished from the western developed countries, China has its own institutional and cultural surroundings of the film industry as well as a long history. We constructed city network based on the data of Chinese film industrial value chain divisions and connections by choosing Chinese films whose box offices accounted for more than 75% annually from 2003 to 2015 as samples. On this basis, we further analyzed structural characteristics of city network and the reasons for the formation with social network analysis. It was indicated that: firstly, the city network included 84 nodes of cities (59 domestic cities as well as 25 overseas cities) and 883 lines among cities (repeated connections not included) and the density of the city network was only 0.25, which demonstrated that connections between cities were relatively sparse. Secondly, the city network took on a "core-periphery" structure with "one center and two sub centers". Beijing was the main core, Hong Kong and Shanghai were the sub cores, and other 81 cities such as Taipei, Seoul and Shenzhen were on the periphery. Thirdly, connections within the city network were mainly vertical concerning various links of the value chain and horizontal connections in minority. To be more specific, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Shenzhen had vertical and horizontal connections in value chain with Beijing. Seoul, Taipei and Bangkok connected with Beijing mostly based on vertical cooperation of the value chain while Guangzhou, Tianjin, and Jinhua related with Beijing on mostly horizontal cooperation of the value chain. Fourthly, the triple attributes of culture, commerce and politics of the Chinese film industry deeply affected its structural characteristics of city network. In conclusion, our study broadened the source of city network data and polished the study of city network based on the headquarter-subsidiary relations. Key words: city network

Key words

city network / Chinese film industry / value chain division

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

WEN Hu, ZHANG Qiang-guo, SU Xu. STUDY ON THE CITY NETWORK BASED ON VALUE CHAIN DIVISION OF CHINESE FILM INDUSTRY[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2019, 34(2): 97-104 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.02.013

References

[1] Friedmann J. The world city hypothesis[J]. Development and Change, 1986,17(1):69-83.
[2] Sassen S. The Global City:New York, London, Tokyo[M]. Princeton, N J:Princeton University Press, 1991:85-192.
[3] Castells M. The Informational City:Information Technology, Economic Restructuring and the Urban-regional Progress[M]. Oxford:Blackwell, 1989:126-171.
[4] Castells M. Grassrooting the space of flows[J]. Urban Geography, 1999,20(4):294-302.
[5] Taylor P J, Hoyler M, Verbruggen R. External urban relational process:Introducing central flow theory to complement central place theory[J]. Urban Studies, 2010,47(13):2803-2818.
[6] Taylor P J. Specification of the world city network[J]. Geographical Analysis, 2001,33(2):181-194.
[7] Taylor P J. World City Network:A Global Urban Analysis[M]. London:Routledge, 2004.
[8] Yang X L, Derudder B, Taylor P J, et al. Asymmetric global network connectivity in the world city network, 2013[J]. Cities, 2017,60:84-90.
[9] Choi J H, Barnett G A, Chon B S. Comparing world city networks:A network analysis of internet backbone and air transport intercity linkages[J]. Global Networks, 2006,6(1):81-99.
[10] Chow A S Y, Loo B P Y. Applying a world-city network approach to globalizing higher education:Conceptualization, data collection and the list of world cities[J]. Higher Education Policy, 2015,28(1):107-126.
[11] Liu X, Derudder B, Witlox F, et al. Cities as networks within networks of cities:The evolution of the city/firm duality in the world city network, 2000-2010[J]. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 2014,105(4):465-482.
[12] Derudder B, Taylor P J. Change in the world city network, 2000-2012[J]. The Professional Geographer, 2016,68(4):624-637.
[13] Lüthi S, Thierstein A, Bentlage M. The relational geography of the knowledge economy in Germany:On functional urban hierarchies and localized value chain systems[J]. Urban Studies, 2013,50(2):276-293.
[14] Martinus K, Sigler T J, Searle G, et al. Strategic globalizing centers and sub-network geometries:A social network analysis of multiscalar energy networks[J]. Geoforum, 2015,64:78-89.
[15] Hoyler M, Watson A. Global media cities in transnational media networks[J]. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 2013,104(1):90-108.
[16] 王娟,李丽,赵金金,等.基于国际酒店集团布局的中国城市网络连接度研究[J].人文地理,2015,30(1):148-153.[Wang Juan, Li Li, Zhao Jinjin, et al. A city network analysis based on spatial distribution of international hotel groups in China[J]. Human Geography, 2015,30(1):148-153.]
[17] Good P, Derudder B, Witlox F. The regionalization of Africa:Delineating Africa's sub regions using airline data[J]. Journal of Geography, 2011,110(5):179-190.
[18] Growe A, Blotevogel H. Knowledge hubs in the German urban system:Identifying hubs by combining network and territorial perspectives[J]. Raumforschung und Raumordnung, 2011,69(3):175-185.
[19] 陈伟,修春亮,柯文前,等.多元交通流视角下的中国城市网络层级特征[J].地理研究,2015,34(11):2073-2083.[Chen Wei, Xiu Chunliang, Ke Wenqian, et al. Hierarchical structures of China's city network from the perspective of multiple traffic flows[J]. Geographical Research, 2015,34(11):2073-2083.]
[20] Cheng Y, LeGates R. China's hybrid global city region pathway:Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta[J]. Cities, 2018,77:81-91.
[21] 赵映慧,谌慧倩,远芳,等.基于QQ群网络的东北地区城市联系特征与层级结构[J]. 经济地理,2017,37(3):49-54.[Zhao Yinghui, Chen Huiqian, Yuan Fang, et al. The characteristic and hierarchy structure of urban connection in northeast China based on QQ groups network[J]. Economic Geography, 2017,37(3):49-54.]
[22] Jacobs W, Ducruet C, Langen P D. Integrating world cities into production networks:The case of port cities[J]. Global Networks, 2010,10(1):92-113.
[23] Brown E, Derudder B, Parnreiter C, et al. World city networks and global commodity chains:Towards world systems integration[J]. Global Networks, 2010,10(1):12-34.
[24] Lüthi S, Thierstein A, Goebel V. Intra-firm and extra-firm linkages in the knowledge economy:The case of the emerging mega-city region of Munich[J]. Global Networks, 2010,10(1):114-137.
[25] Thierstein A, Lüthi S, Kruse C, et al. Changing value chain of the knowledge economy:Spatial impact of intra-firm and inter-firm networks within the emerging mega-city region of northern Switzerland[J]. Regional Studies, 2008,42(8):1113-1131.
[26] Hopkins T K, Wallerstein I. Commodity chains in the world economy prior to 1800[J]. Review, 1986,10(1):157-170.
[27] Gereffi G, Humphrey J, Sturgeon T. The governance of global value chains[J]. Review of International Political Economy, 2005,12(1):78-104.
[28] Coe N M, Dicken P, Hess M. Introduction:Global production network-debates and challenges[J]. Journal of Economic Geography, 2008(8):267-269.
[29] 宁越敏,武前波.企业空间组织与城市-区域发展[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:1-9.[Ning Yuemin, Wu Qianbo. Enterprise Spatial Organization and Urban-Regional Development[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2011:1-9.]
[30] 盛科荣,张红霞,佀丹丹.基于企业网络视角的城市网络研究进展与展望[J]. 人文地理,2018,33(2):11-17.[Sheng Kerong, Zhang Hongxia, Si Dandan. Progress and prospect of urban networks research through the lens of corporate networks[J]. Human Geography, 2018,33(2):11-17.]
[31] 汪明峰,魏也华,邱娟.中国风险投资活动的空间集聚与城市网络[J].财经研究,2014,40(4):117-131.[Wang Mingfeng, Wei Yehua, Qiu Juan. Spatial clustering and urban network of venture capital activities in China[J]. Journal of Finance and Economics, 2014,40(4):117-131.]
[32] Ebbers J, Wijnberg N M. Latent organizations in the film industry:Contracts, rewards and resources[J]. Human Relations, 2009,62(7):987-1009.
[33] Johns J. Manchester's film and television industry:Project ecologies and network hierarchies[J]. Urban Studies, 2010,47(5):1059-1077.
[34] 王缉慈,陈平,梅丽霞,等.电影产业集群的典型模式及全球离岸外包下的集群发展[J].电影艺术,2009(5):15-20.[Wang Jici, Chen Ping, Mei Lixia, et al. The typical model of film industry cluster and its development under global off shoring[J]. Film Art, 2009(5):15-20.]
[35] 中国电影家协会.中国电影产业研究报告2016[M].北京:中国电影出版社,2016:14.[China Film Association. The Research Report on Chinese Film Industry in 2016[M]. Beijing:Chinese Film Press, 2016:14.]
[36] 刘军.社会网络分析导论[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2004:10-11.[Liu Jun. An Introduction to Social Network Analysis[M]. Beijing:Social Sciences Academic Press (China), 2004:10-11.]
[37] Neal Z P. Differentiating centrality and power in the world city network[J]. Urban Studies, 2011,48(13):2733-2748.
[38] 朱查松,王德,罗震东.中心性与控制力:长三角城市网络结构的组织特征及演化-企业联系的视角[J].城市规划学刊,2014(4):24-30.[Zhu Chasong, Wang De, Luo Zhendong. Centrality and control:The organizational characteristics and evolution of the urban network structure in the Yangtze River Delta:The perspective of enterprise connection[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2014(4):24-30.]
[39] 王成,王茂军,柴箐.城市网络地位与网络权力的关系[J].地理学报, 2015,70(12):1953-1972.[Wang Cheng, Wang Maojun, Chai Qing. The relationship between centrality and power in the city network[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015,70(12):1953-1972.]
[40] Giuliani E. Network dynamics in regional clusters:Evidence from Chile[J]. Research Policy, 2013,42(8):1406-1419.
[41] 杨耀武,杨澄宇.中国基尼系数是否真地下降了?——基于微观数据的基尼系数区间估计述[J].经济研究,2015(3):75-86.[Yang Yaowu, Yang Chengyu. Did China's Gini coefficient decline?:Estimation of Gini coefficient interval based on micro data[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2015(3):75-86.]
[42] Scott A. Entrepreneurship, innovation and industrial development:Geography and the creative field revisited[J]. Small Business Economics, 2006,26(1):1-24.
[43] 艺恩.2016中国影视特效行业白皮书[EB/OL].(2016-12-16)[2018-01-15]. http://www.entgroup.cn/report/f/1618158.shtml.[Entgroup. White paper on Chinese film special effects industry in 2016[EB/OL].(2016-12-16)[2018-01-15]. http://www.entgroup.cn/report/f/1618158.shtml.]
[44] Watson A, Beaverstock J V. World city network research at a theoretical impasse:On the need to re-establish qualitative approaches to understanding agency in world city networks[J]. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 2014,105(4):412-426.