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  • Min ZHANG, Yi-xuan ZHAO
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 33-42. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.004
    Abstract (415) PDF (267) HTML (329)   Knowledge map   Save

    Driven by digital media technology and game industry since the 21st century, games have been expanding in space, time and social dimensions, and the boundaries between them and people's daily life have become increasingly blurred. This article borrows the concept of gamification, based on the post-modern authenticity, five dimensions of game involvement/ immersion and five aspects of user experience, to construct a 'multidimensional mixed authenticity model'. Taking the RPG of Chengdu Kuanzhai Alley as an example, a qualitative research method is adopted to interpret the complexity of local authenticity experience from the dimensions of material, temporal, spatial, self, and relationship through interviews, participatory observation, online text collection, and other methods. Research has shown that: 1) The gamification of historical and cultural districts gives participants a mixed perception of subjective and objective with authenticity and non-authenticity; 2) Gamification harmonizes the perception of authenticity by constructing interactions between people and places: in the material and temporal dimensions, the spatialization of game narrative promotes the rationalization of non-realistic elements in the game world; In the dimensions of self and relationship, the localization of game settings enhances the fault tolerance of non-real elements in the real world; And ultimately connected the perception of authenticity between the real world and the gaming world through embodied practice in the spatial dimension.

  • Fan WANG, Ming-feng WANG, Ying-hao ZHANG, Ai-ping KUANG, Juan LIN
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 52-60. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.006
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    Taking Jiangbeixiazhu Village in Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province as a case area, the study uses semistructured interviews and participant observation methods to research various actors and explores the formation process of the live streaming commerce village through qualitative analysis. Further more, the influencing factors and formation mechanisms for live streaming commerce are also explored. The main conclusions showed that: Jiangbeixiazhu Village's live streaming commerce is transformed from social commerce, such as microbusiness, with the continuity of industrial evolution. In the development of village e-commerce industry, the change of new technology of live streaming commerce builds a window of opportunity for village development, the embedding of institutional environment and its synergistic evolution with e-commerce technology become the supporting elements for the development of live streaming commerce, and flexible supply chain rooted in the local area becomes the key propelling force for the transformation of village industry.

  • Cai-cheng NIU, Wen-jia ZHANG
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 12-22, 60. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.002
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    Behavioral geography explores the interactions between human behavior and geographical environments from a micro-scale perspective, providing a foundation for understanding micro-level human-environment relations. However, traditional behavioral geography paradigms face significant limitations when analyzing complex human-environment interactions, particularly in the context of China's new urbanization phase that emphasizes human-centered and sustainable development. This paper reviews the current development challenges in behavioral geography and examines the theoretical background and disciplinary influence of the relational turn, attempting to reconstruct the theoretical and analytical framework of behavioral geography from a relational perspective. We identify three key challenges: the predominant focus on static relationships between individuals and environment while overlooking social networks and interactions; the disconnect between macro and micro-scale analyses; and the limitations of traditional data collection methods in capturing complex behavioral patterns. The proposed framework emphasizes placing individuals within the macro-structural context of social relationships, establishing a cross-scale research paradigm that bridges micro-individual behaviors and macro-geographical phenomena through network analysis. By investigating micro-scale individual spatiotemporal behaviors from a network lens, this approach reveals broader societal patterns that conventional micro-scale approaches might overlook.

  • Culture
    Chen LIU, Fang-lin HUA
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2026, 41(1): 22-33. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.01.003
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    In the digital era, videogame has been further globalized through Internet and network facilities. Different from the globalization of other cultural products, videogames no longer follow the linear conduction of traditional international trade, but form a non-linear product life cycle that relies on the cooperation of developers, publishers/distributors, and consumers from different regions all around the world. Based on the perspective of the pop culture industry, which is the point of economic geography and cultural geography, the study combines methods of following the digital and visual methodology in the field of human geography, taking the Dutch indie game--Rusty Lake as an example that originates from a two-people game studios but has gone global nowadays, tracking and analyzing its globalization process, drawing the following conclusions: 1) The production of Rusty Lake cannot be realized without the acceptance and encouragement of indie games in Europe, as well as the international and globalized digital platforms, reflecting the significance of globalized production environment and producers' creativity and independence. 2) In the aspect of cultural representations, Rusty Lake's borrowing from mainstream culture and the nature of its counterculture exemplifies the inclusiveness of videogames, showing the possibility of multicultural coexistence and cultural diffusion, no matter it is intentional or not. 3) In the process of global circulation, the rise of virtual platform provides a convenient way for the distribution of indie games and breaks the boundaries of space. 4) Video gamers' behaviors of playing videogames indicate their dual identities as consumers and producers.

  • Xiao-dong CHANG, Shi-jun WANG, Zhang-xian FENG, Fei-long HAO, Hao-ming GUAN, Zhi-peng YANG, Ke LI
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.001
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    This paper analyzes the theoretical connotation and complex characteristics of common prosperity, constructs the geographical mechanism framework of common prosperity, and reviews the regional practice process of China 's common prosperity, with a view to contributing geography to the Chinese-style modernization of the connotation of common prosperity. The study found that: 1) 'Development' and 'equilibrium' are the theoretical basis of common prosperity. 2) Common prosperity has four complex characteristics: comprehensive and factor trade-off, regional and multi-scale governance, dynamic and time correlation, spatial and non-spatial multi-agent. 3) Since the reform and opening up, China 's regional practice of common prosperity has shown remarkable performance in regions, urban-rural areas, and groups. 4) Geography has broad application prospects in promoting the process of common prosperity, which can promote the realization of the goal of common prosperity through strategic interactions with ecological civilization, territorial space planning, and digital economy.

  • TOURISM
    WANG Zhao-feng, LIN Lu-xiong, CHEN Qin-chang
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 133-145. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.014
    Scientific research and judgment of the action mechanism and internal impact of digital economy on the efficiency of cultural and tourism integration is an important topic to release the value of digital economy, promote the integration of cultural and tourism industry to improve quality and efficiency. This paper attempts to integrate digital economy and the integration efficiency of cultural and tourism industry into a unified analytical framework. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2021, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for the development level of digital economy and the integration efficiency of cultural and tourism industries, then clears out the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of the two, and uses the spatial econometric model and the intermediary effect model to reveal the spatial effect and transmission mechanism of the integration efficiency of cultural and tourism industries enabled by digital economy. The results show that: 1) the development level of digital economy presents a steady upward trend, showing a spatial distribution pattern of "high in southeast, low in northwest, and balanced in central",and the regional digital divide is gradually closing. 2) The integration efficiency of cultural and tourism industry as a whole presents an "inverted S-shaped" temporal change trend, showing a spatial differentiation characteristic of "high in southeast and low in northwest", and the regional gap tends to shrink during the study period. 3) The spatial Durbin model shows that the spatial spillover effect of digital economy enabling cultural and tourism industry integration efficiency is nonlinear. The local effect is an "inverted U" shape, and the neighborhood effect is a "U" shape.
  • TOURISM
    JIA Yan-ju, ZHU Ming-yao, ZHAO Jin-feng
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 165-174. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.017
    Directing both tourists and residents to share development achievements and co-create value is a critical topic for upgrading and iterating rural tourism toward the goal of common prosperity. However, existing research has predominantly examined the mechanism of residents' value co-creation behavior from an economic interest perspective while overlooking the role of non-economic factors. Building on the social capital theory, a structural equation model is proposed to investigate the influence mechanism of community participation on resident-tourist value co-creation behavior. The mediating effect of social capital in the relationship between community participation and resident-tourist value co-creation behavior is tested, as well as the moderating role of resident-tourist interaction. A total of 560 valid questionnaires are collected from residents in five rural tourism communities around Mount Tai scenic spot in Shandong Province and used for empirical analysis. Findings suggest that community participation can induce resident-tourist value cocreation behavior. Social capital significantly mediates the relationships between community participation and resident-tourist value co-creation behavior. Furthermore, resident-tourist interaction is also found to moderate the effect of community participation on social capital.
  • Shu-fang WANG, Qing-qing YU, Qian-wen WANG, Shuai YE, Ting WANG
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 112-120, 192. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.012
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    In the implementation of the Belt and Road initiative, overseas industrial parks have strengthened connectivity between China and neighboring countries. This paper constructs a theoretical framework from the Five Connectivities perspective based on spatial interaction theory, exploring the path of overseas industrial parks in boosting the Belt and Road connectivity by case study on the China-Europe Trade and Logistics Park. The research reveals: 1) Promoting the connectivity requires national complementarity, infrastructure accessibility, and risk mitigation. 2) The complementary advantages, multi-dimensional cooperation, efficient connectivity, and risk prevention between China and Hungary in the field of trade and logistics have laid a solid foundation for the China-Europe Trade and Logistics Park to fulfill its connectivity role. The study offers a "synergy + optimization + digital empowerment" model for upgrading China's overseas trade and logistics parks.

  • CULTURE
    AN Chuan-yan, ZHAI Zhou-yan, LI Tong-sheng
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 32-41,155. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.004
    In contemporary society, capital and political power extend their tentacles to every corner through the horizontal magic of space. Extensive economic cooperation, social restructuring, cultural interaction, and urban-rural integration require solutions that involve more spatial thinking. Understanding the operational mechanism of spatial power is of great significance. With the help of social representation and discourse power theory, this study reveals the idea of social space proposed by Lefebvre, and reconstructs the relationship between the representation of space, the practice of space and the represented space. The findings indicate that: 1) "The representation of space" forms social representations of space from the perspective of social psychology theory, and subsequently manifests as spatial discourse at the practical level, influences human minds and behavior, plays the role of power. 2) The power subjects of various eras construct space and its related spatial discourses such as cognition, concepts, knowledge, policy systems, language symbols, etc. based on realistic needs. 3) The logic underpinning modern spatial governance lies in the existence of politics and capital power operation mechanism in social space,which constructs and articulates space and its discourse, and through this process, they regulate individual and social practical behaviors, subsequently reconfigure social space. In this study, the ternary dialectical relationship of "practice of space, representation of space and represented space" in the production theory of space is transformed into the relationship between spatial discourse, social practice and social spatial reconstruction.
  • Wei XIONG, Xiao-ying HUANG, Xiao-mei CAI
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 155-164. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.016
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    Imagination has become one of the important ways for travelers to construct and consume travel destinations and get a deep travel experience. Inspired by the poetic language and metaphorical thinking of Chinese culture, this study is based on the theory of conceptual metaphor, takes structural metaphor, ontological metaphor and orientation metaphor as the analytical framework for metaphor recognition, and identifies the poetic metaphor theme in the travel video blog texts through the MIPVU program, and studies how the "author" of travel video blogs shape tourism imagination through poetic metaphors. Through the coding analysis of 292 travel video blog texts, the results show that: 1) The tourism imagination shaped by bloggers mainly includes two types of metaphors: structural metaphor and ontological metaphor. 2)The metaphors of different themes are intertwined, and finally four kinds of tourism imaginations are formed: filling, mapping, contagious, and summoning. 3) Tourism imagination is formed through four stages: circle gathering, encounter space, common concern and emotional resonance.

  • Kai BAI, Ze-xiang WANG, Bo-wen CHEN
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 145-154. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.015
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    'The foundation of the world is at home'. The Chinese nation has always attached importance to the family. Family tourism and leisure consumption activities from the perspective of Chinese culture reflect the universal values and social changes in contemporary China. Filial piety, marital satisfaction and children's expectations in Chinese family culture are important supports and sources for stabilizing the spiritual feelings of Chinese people. This article is based on macro data from the China Family Panel Studies 2018 crosssection data, using multi-layer perception, radial basis function, factor analysis, two-step clustering analysis, and ordinal regression to explore specific impact of three types of family relationships at the micro level: the elderly and their adult children relationship, marital relationship, and parent-child relationship on family tourism and leisure consumption. The article shows that family tourism and leisure consumption activities have become effective alert information and approaching tools for family relations, and this field will inevitably become an important theoretical development and practical application need for family relations research in China.

  • Shao-xiang SHI, Tong WEN, Qiao-shan LV
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 184-192. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.019
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    Tourism souvenir consumption is a key driver of tourism revenue and plays a vital role in fostering the sustainable development of the tourism industry. Souvenirs serve as tangible representations of travel experiences, often embodying the cultural and historical essence of destinations. To make souvenirs more appealing and stimulate consumer demand, many businesses have turned to strategies that incorporate local dialect symbols into product design and marketing. This innovative approach aims to strengthen the cultural identity associated with souvenirs, elevate their perceived value, and ultimately increase tourists' willingness to purchase. However, despite the growing use of dialect symbols in practice, their impact on consumer behavior remains insufficiently explored in academic research. Key questions, such as whether dialect symbols effectively enhance purchase intentions and the mechanisms underlying their influence, require further investigation. Grounded in customer perceived value theory, this study employs two scenario-based experiments to explore how dialect symbols affect tourists' attitudes toward souvenirs and their purchase intentions. The research provides important insights into the mechanisms through which dialect symbols influence consumer behavior. First, the findings demonstrate that dialect symbols have a significant positive impact on both product attitudes and purchase intentions. Second, the study identifies customer perceived value as a key mediating variable. Third, the moderating role of product practicality is revealed.

  • GENTRIFICATION WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS AND SOCIAL SPACE RESTRUCTURING
    HUANG Xing, SONG Wei-xuan, TAN Hua-yun, LIU Cheng, HE Shen-jing, TAO Wei, WANG Feng-long, GU Hao, XIAO Yang, LIU Chun-hui, YANG Qin-ran, ZHANG Yun-peng, ZHANG Qing-yuan
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(4): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.04.001
    With the comprehensive implementation of urban renewal and rural revitalization nationwide, it is increasingly important to establish a theoretical analysis framework for gentrification in Chinese context. In this sense, this article takes the special issue "Gentrification and Social Space Reconstruction in Chinese context" to invite scholars who are interested in Chinese gentrification to conduct in-depth discussions on how to cross learn from each other in terms of conceptual cognition, theoretical system, local development, and practical application of gentrification in Chinese context. This article argues that the establishment of the Chinese gentrification theory requires grasping the essence of the concept of gentrification itself, but also breaking free from the constraints of the Western context. Moreover, it is called for that the popularization of Chinese gentrification needs to break away from the literal constraints of the entry itself, focus more attention on the spatial meaning represented and referred to behind the concept, in order to serve the needs of Chinese path to modernization construction.
  • Ling MA, Xin-yu LIN, Xiao-shan ZUO, Hai-feng WANG, Xiao-liang CHEN
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 61-69. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.007
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    This paper takes the food and snack streets of Guangzhou, a historically commercial city with deep cultural roots, and Changsha, a rapidly rising 'internet-famous' city characterized by strong platform presence and digital branding, as comparative case studies. Employing a multi-method qualitative approach—including participatory observation, in-depth interviews with vendors and consumers, and discourse analysis of social media content—this research explores the spatial production, cultural significance, and everyday experience of contemporary 'hustle and bustle' consumption spaces in China. The findings indicate that: 1) Food and snack streets serve as unique urban experiential zones where 'hustle and bustle' is socially and spatially produced through the interplay of food practices, spatial materialities, and behavioral performances. 2) Under the influence of media mechanisms, these originally localized consumption spaces are reimagined as digital spectacles, becoming viewable, shareable, and commentable within online platforms. 3) The consumption experience is no longer limited to on-site participation; rather, it extends into digital spheres where users accumulate social capital through sharing, liking, and commenting.

  • Chen LIU
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 43-51, 100. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.005
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    As a part of the cross-platform consumption, disposing of 'useless' things in the digitalized secondhand market has blurred the boundaries between public (recommerce platform) and private domains (WeChat groups and the neighbourhood-based/same-city exchanges organised by individuals) of consumption and between online and offline experiences. In this context, this article focuses on how people practice the 'virtue of thrift' by selling their 'useless' things via secondhand trading platforms and social media and the social and environmental impacts of reselling used items at various online and offline sites, drawing on a mixed methods approach. It argues that convenient online platforms and platform-mediated reselling practices have created new connections between online and offline spaces for secondhand sales, generating new digital and online cultures. The findings illustrated that through formal and informal practices of selling things, these platforms have been transformed into virtual spaces that promote a trustworthy way of consumption. In addition, these secondhand shopping experiences are intimately intertwined with the gamification systems of platforms that aim to cultivate ordinary consumers' practices of caring for the environment and distant others. To elaborate, the key findings of this research demonstrate that: 1) the digitalisation of second-hand culture has generated a feminised and youthified online community and a self-/QR codedependent offline recycle community; 2) the digitalisation of second hand culture has created localised digital culture and economy life via the fixed pattern of posts, online/offline communication styles and datafied geolocation; 3) second hand exchange cannot be automatically linked to greener consumption that benefits the environment and vulnerable people at distance.

  • Jian-ke GUO, Ying-yu ZHU, Ye-qing CHENG, Tian-bao LIU
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 23-32, 132. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.003
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    As a type of village, fishing village has rich cultural heritage and ecological resources, which attracts a large number of scholars to study in recent years. Current research on the construction of beautiful fishing villages mainly focuses on four aspects, namely evaluating village resources, providing public services, promoting transformation and reconstruction for development, and planning the construction of new fishing villages.However, the related research as a whole is still in the primary stage of fragmentation. Accordingly, this paper begins by examining the implications and objectives of developing aesthetically pleasing fishing villages, conducts preliminary sorting and construction of the geographic framework and research methodology system of the construction of beautiful fishing villages, and ultimately proposes novel avenues for research concerning the development of aesthetically pleasing fishing villages: the systematic integration and planning of resources within fishing villages, alongside the consideration of their landscapes and the preservation of regional cultural heritage, are essential, the livelihoods of fisherfolks and the transformational development of the fishing villages, and the construction and governance of human settlements in fishing villages aim to serve as a reference for research on the development of aesthetically pleasing fishing villages.

  • City
    Yan-sui LIU, Shu-zhen JIN, Wei WANG, Shi-han ZHANG, Yan-xin XUE
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2026, 41(1): 1-11, 33. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.01.001
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    This study takes the central urban area of Zhengzhou City as its research object, integrating remote sensing imagery, POI data, and OSM road network data. It employs kernel density functions and precise identification rules to accurately classify land use functional types, combining various spatial statistical methods and location entropy analysis to explore the aggregation and diffusion characteristics of urban functional land use and the patterns of functional succession from 2012 to 2022. The research findings indicate: 1) The evolution of land use types exhibits significant differentiation and hybridization characteristics. 2) There is a lack of synchrony between functional spatial expansion and construction land expansion. 3) The restructuring of functional spaces exhibits differentiated patterns of aggregation and dispersion. 4) The evolution of dominant functions reflects a parallel trend toward specialization and diversification.

  • GENTRIFICATION WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS AND SOCIAL SPACE RESTRUCTURING
    LIU Cheng, SHI Yi, ZHANG Kai-tao, LEI Chao
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(4): 36-46. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.04.004
    China has recently moved away from the gentrification model characterized by large-scale demolitions and displacements. Instead, the government adopted a more cautious approach in the allocation of rent gaps, emphasizing social equity and transparency. This study examines two government-led gentrification models in Nanjing: micro-regeneration and edu-apartment reform. The former focuses on revitalization and preservation of old neighborhoods, while the latter uses administrative measures to curb jiaoyufication driven by speculative investments in edu-apartment. Both aim to limit excessive rent gap appropriation by developers and homeowners. Micro-regeneration has enhanced the living conditions of original residents, maintained the community's social structure and neighborhood relationships, and effectively mitigated the drawbacks commonly associated with traditional gentrification. However, micro-regeneration requires substantial funding to create use value and preserve historic buildings; however, its internal revenue-generating capacity is far from sufficient to achieve financial sustainability. While government intervention has promoted social equity to some extent, it has struggled to fundamentally halt capital's pursuit of rent gaps in the short term.
  • RURAL
    GU Mo-li, TANG Shuang-shuang
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 102-111. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.011
    Rural migrant women, as marginalized and vulnerable groups in urban society, are of great importance in research on mental health and social support mechanisms, which are crucial for achieving the goals of a Healthy China. This study, based on the current state of mental health and social support among rural migrant women, employs multiple linear regression models and mediation effect tests to examine the mechanisms through which social support influences their mental health. The results reveal the following: First, significant disparities exist in mental health levels among rural migrant women with different socioeconomic attributes. Groups exhibiting higher mental health levels include older generations, married individuals, those with lower educational attainment, longer durations of residence, employment in the service or commercial sectors, and individuals who own homes. Second, informal social networks (including family members, friends, and neighbors) serve as the primary source of support for rural migrant women, while formal social networks (including the government, community, and social organizations) provide only limited support. Third, different types of social support exhibit varying impacts on mental health. Emotional support from family members, friends, and neighbors significantly enhances mental health. Fourth, the mediating effects of social support vary across different sources and types. Social companionship support from family members positively mediates mental health outcomes.
  • CULTURE
    CHEN Cheng, SHEN Li-zhen, WANG Xing, Xi Guang-liang
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 50-58,78. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.006
    Studies on the sense of place have significant practical importance in the protection and construction of historical districts. The concept of digital sense of place, which reflects the dynamic interplay between emotions and spatial relationships under digital conditions, represents a crucial extension to traditional place sense research. This study focuses on the Mendong area in the Qinhuai District of Nanjing, China, utilizing social media data to explore the connotation and influencing factors of the digital sense of place in historical districts. To achieve this, the study employs a combination of the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm to explore the connotation and influencing factors of the digital sense of place in historical districts. The findings reveal that, unlike traditional sense of place, which relies heavily on activities and sensory experiences in physical spaces, the digital sense of place emphasizes emotional responses and personal identification within online virtual spaces. Furthermore, key factors influencing the digital sense of place in the Mendong area include place association, place popularity, and place gourmet guide. Based on these findings, the study proposes targeted strategies for cultivating a sense of place in historical districts. These strategies focus on hotspot excavation, scene creation, and memory reinforcement. Hotspot excavation involves identifying and promoting areas with high user engagement and positive sentiment. Scene creation aims to enhance the aesthetic and functional aspects of the environment to foster a stronger sense of place.
  • Hong-ji CHEN, Gang ZENG, Xian-zhong CAO, Peng-xin CHEN, Yuan-yuan WAN, Jia-wei WANG
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 78-89. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.009
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    Exploring new drivers of economic growth in the process of Chinese modernization is a responsibility that economic geography faces in this era. This paper theoretically elucidates how the new triad of technology, data, and relationship drives economic growth. By employing geographical detectors, we empirically demonstrate the transformative trend where these new elements are replacing the traditional triplet. The study reveals several key findings: 1) With their advantages of incrementality, cumulativeness, and infinity, the new triplet can continuously fuel economic growth. They are gradually supplanting the core position held by the traditional triplet of land, labor, and capital in the economic growth driving force system, emerging as the new impetus for China's economic growth in the new era. 2) As a hidden and incremental factor, relationship resources play a crucial driving role in regional economic growth. They facilitate the interaction and reorganization of regional resources, providing convenient connection channels for the flow of other resource elements. 3) The economic driving effects of the new and old triplets exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity.

  • Feng-long YU, Wei PAN, Bing HOU
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 175-183. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.018
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    In the context of tourism, food consumption has become a prominent topic of social concern and a key focus in international tourism research. However, compared with traditional food culture and contemporary food practice, the breadth and depth of food tourism research in China urgently need to be strengthened. Tourists' food involvement reflects their psychological state and level of engagement in food-related decisions and activities, offering a crucial perspective for studying tourists' food consumption behavior. Drawing on domestic and international research, this article integrates offline and online survey data to construct and interpret the structural characteristics of tourists' food involvement, as well as its impact pathways on behavioral intentions. The results indicate that tourists' food involvement consists of six dimensions: attractiveness, centrality, social bonds, symbolism, risk possibility, and risk consequences. These dimensions significantly influence consumer satisfaction and behavioral intentions, although their impacts vary across dimensions. The structural content and impact pathways of tourists' food involvement highlight the complexity of food consumption psychology and the evolving nature of value orientation. Tourists' perceptions of food and the values they attribute to it influence their level of involvement, which is moderated by the food consumption context at tourist destinations.

  • CULTURE
    CHEN Chen, CHENG Lin
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 42-49. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.005
    Researches on the sense of place in grassroots society mainly focuses on the experiences and facts of agricultural societies. Additionally, studies on the changes of the nomadic environment in northern pastoral areas focuses on the livelihood difficulties, community disintegration, and ecological degradation issues since the reform of the grassland property rights system, and have not yet paid attention to the individual internalized emotional psychology, such as emotions, memories, and practices, as well as the changes in the sense of place triggered by them at the micro level. Taking Damao Banner in Inner Mongolia, which has undergone the reform of grassland property rights system, as an example, and putting in field investigation in the context of changes of the nomadic living environment, this study investigates how grassroots herders in northern pastoral areas construct and reconstruct the sense of place through emotions, concepts, psychology, and life experiences. Results indicate that ①During the period of the People's Commune, herders continued to construct an orderly nomadic space and a stable and enclosed symbiotic acquaintance social relationship through nomadic practices. ②The privatization of grassland property rights has accelerated the fragmentation of pastoral society and the pulling and restructuring of social relationships. ③In the modern context of modernization without nomadic life in practice, "nomadism" has become a cultural symbol sealed in the memories and traditional rituals of herders.
  • TOURISM
    YU Yi-feng, LI Zi-ling, WENG Li-sheng, MA Xiao-long
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 156-164. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.016
    The rapid proliferation of social media has significantly amplified the influence of tourists' online sharing behaviors on destination reputations and consumer decision-making processes. IGrounded in the theoretical frameworks of Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory and the Cognitive Appraisal Theory of Emotion, this study systematically examines the causal pathways through which tourists' perceived negative disconfirmation shapes their intentions to share experiences online. Empirical findings reveal that when tourists' actual experiences fall short of their pre-travel expectations, the resultant perception of negative disconfirmation consistently triggers adverse emotional states, such as frustration and disappointment. The study shows that experienced tourists tend to exhibit lower levels of negative emotional reactions when faced with negative discrepancies compared to less experienced tourists. This finding not only enriches the application of Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory in tourism but also reveals the underlying mechanisms of tourists' intentions to engage in online sharing behavior.
  • GENTRIFICATION WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS AND SOCIAL SPACE RESTRUCTURING
    HUANG Xiao-jun, WANG Yi-cheng, LIN Wen-bo, YAN Xi, MA Meng-ting
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(4): 47-56,77. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.04.005
    Green gentrification is a gentrification phenomenon due to green infrastructure construction, which has become one of the hotspots in the field of gentrification. Taking Xi'an City as a case area, the identification, spatial effect and formation mechanism of green gentrification was carried out based on multi-source data include remote sensing images, population census, housing price, and in-depth interviews. The results show that 1) Based on the younger population, higher education and significant growth of housing prices in the surrounding communities caused by the construction or renovation of the park, four green gentrification parks in the main urban area of Xi'an were identified, three of which were in the Qujiang New District. 2) The spatial effects of green gentrification include the improvement of the human settlement environment, the increase of housing prices, the break and continuation of the indigenous social network, and the social space differentiation and isolation between gentrification groups and indigenous peoples. 3) Through the construction of green built environment, local governments have realized the expansion of green rent gap and become the leading force of green gentrification. While the production of urban green space has also shaped landscape symbols highlighting identity and social status, which just meet the symbol consumption needs of gentrification groups.
  • TOURISM
    GAO Yuan, QIAO Sai, QU Bo-ting
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 146-155. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.015
    The construction of urban tourism leisure street blocks in China is of great significance for meeting people's spiritual and cultural needs and stimulating the growth of consumption. This paper takes the urban tourism leisure street blocks in China as the research object, and uses geographical spatial statistical analysis methods such as the geographical concentration index, imbalance index, and kernel density analysis to study the spatial pattern of tourism and leisure blocks. Additionally, it combines with the geographical detector to reveal the influencing factors of the spatial pattern of tourism and leisure blocks. The comprehensive conclusions derived from the thorough analysis and investigation conducted in this study are summarized as follows: 1) At the provincial administrative level, the spatial arrangement of tourism and leisure-focused street blocks exhibits a notable degree of geographical clustering. 2) From a spatial morphology perspective, the distribution of urban tourism leisure street blocks in China exhibits an "eastern concentration and western sparsity" pattern at the national scale. 3) From the perspective of spatial distribution density, the overall distribution of urban tourism and leisure street blocks in China exhibits a "dual primary cores, one secondary core, and clustered pattern" density distribution pattern. 4) The spatial configuration of urban tourism and leisure street blocks in China is fundamentally shaped by the multifaceted interplay of multiple determinants
  • SOCIETY
    LI Yu-shen, LIU Ye, ZHANG Xian, DONG Rui
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 21-31. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.003
    Creating a favorable living environment for the elderly is essential to build a healthy aging society. This study utilized health, population, and housing data at the subdistrict and community scale from the 7th National Population Census in Shenzhen, along with environmental data obtained from remote-sensing images and open-source maps. Employing, we use various spatial analysis tools, including Censored Least Absolute Deviations (CLAD) Regression and spatial visualization, to investigate the impacts of socioeconomic environment, health service facilities, ecological factors, transportation, and housing conditions on the health of older adults. Our particular emphasis is put on the heterogeneous effects of living environments in older communities. The findings are as follow: 1)Shenzhen exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity in the health status of older adults, with higher health levels observed in in Nanshan, Longgang, and Yantian district. 2) Various factors, including socio-economic conditions, ecological environment, transportation, health service, and housing conditions, significantly influence the health status of the elderly. 3)Through segmented regression analysis, we have identified the heterogeneity in the influence of elderly health within communities built before 2000.
  • HAN Hui-ran, ZHANG Zhao-di, ZHOU Lu-ting, CHENG Shu-xian, YANG Cheng-feng
    Rapid urbanization has led to great changes in residents' lifestyles, with chronic diseases becoming a major problem troubling urban public health. Carrying out daily leisure activities has become a critical strategy for improving the health conditions of older adults. Taking Hefei City as a case study, this study deploys a structural equation model(SEM) with daily leisure activities as the mediating variable to explore the mediating role of daily leisure activities in the relationship between the community built environment and the health conditions of older adults.The study aims to clarify the pathways through which the community built environment impacts the health conditions of older adults. The key empirical results are as follows. 1) older adults in Hefei exhibit high satisfaction with their self-rated health status. A significant negative correlation is observed between the prevalence of chronic diseases and self-rated physical health, with Body Mass Index (BMI)being positively associated with chronic disease prevalence. 2)The objective built environment, perceived built environment, and daily leisure activities all have significant positive impacts on the health conditions of older adults, among which the perceived built environment plays the most contributory role. 3) The influence of the community built environment on the health conditions of older adults exerts through three main pathways.
  • THEORY DEVELOPMENT
    CAI Xiao-mei, LIU Si-cen, WU Yong-qi, XIANG feng
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.001
    In the context of the new mobility paradigm,the politics of mobility has become a hotspot of human geography research in domestically and abroad. The politics of mobility refers to a pluralistic, dynamic and complex power relationship formed by mobile subjects in the process of mobility in different spaces in order to realize the control or resistance of mobility, and which has produced corresponding spatial results in many aspects such as economy, politics, culture and ecology. Based on this, the empirical study of the politics of mobility from the perspective of human geography mainly includes the mobility of the politics of mobility,the politics of the politics of mobility, and the spatial outcomes of the politics of mobility. The following are findings of the research: 1) It is the mobility the premise of the politics of mobility. In terms of crosstime and inter-scale,The motility and resources of the mobile subject will change over time and space, while the power relations between the mobility subjects are produced and reproduced in the process of interaction and interplay. 2) The politics, specifically referring to the control and resistance, is the core connotation of the politics of mobility. 3)The duality of the politics of mobility creates differentiated spatial results in economic, political, cultural and ecological aspects.
  • RURAL
    LI Bo-hua, PENG Cong-hao, DOU Yin-di
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 79-87. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.009
    Traditional villages, which embody Chinese cultural heritage and evoke nostalgic memories, act as living archives of agrarian civilization. Using Huangdu Village in western Hunan as a case study and considering the contexts of ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization strategies, the article outlines a practical approach for implementing environmental education initiatives in Huangdu Village through a spatial narrative lens. The study shows that: 1) Based on spatial narrative and construction learning theories, traditional village environmental education can be divided into three progressive spatial dimensions: physical reality space, coded perception space, and conceptual consciousness space. 2) Taking the theory of spatial narrative as the theoretical foundation, with the goal of excavating the cultural value behind the traditional village space and optimizing the spatial narrative system of environmental education in traditional villages, and taking narrative elements as the foundation, narrative space as the node, narrative vein as the guideline, and narrative experience as the core, the spatial narrative practice path of environmental education in Huangdu Village is constructed from the three dimensions of elemental mending, situation construction and infiltration atmosphere.
  • CITY
    AN Di, HU Ying-jie, WAN Yong
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 68-78. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.008
    With the deepening of research on spatial structure and influence mechanisms within urban networks, the investigation of self-organizing mechanisms has become an important research topic. This paper took 336 China's prefecture-level administrative units as research objects, and utilize Internet big data to establish three kinds of urban networks: enterprise organization, information search, and population migration. Then we analyzed the characteristics of physical space and topological structure across these networks, and finally used the exponential random graph model to empirically test both exogenous influencing factors and endogenous self-organizing mechanisms. The research demonstrates that: 1) Three types of urban networks demonstrate spatial heterogeneity in physical spatial patterns, manifesting a "center-periphery" structure across two hierarchical scales: the national level and the regional level (encompassing urban agglomerations and provincial areas). This spatial configuration leads to two hinterland patterns: large-scale interlaced networks and proximity diffusion zones. 2) Topological analysis identifies characteristic scale-free and smallworld properties, with self-organization manifesting at varying scales. As spatial scope expands, triangle and star configurations emerge as dominant factors, driving the transformation of urban networks toward more complex interactive topologies. 3) Urban network arises from the synergistic integration of exogenous influencing factors and endogenous driving mechanisms. The mechanisms of preferential attachment and network proximity collectively elucidate the self-organization process underlying the intricate urban system.
  • ECONOMY
    PENG Kun-jie, ZHANG Meng, XU Chun-xiao
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 112-124. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.012
    Based on the perspective of human-land relationship, the article explores the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and the intrinsic driving mechanism of the coupling and coordination of new urbanization and economic resilience of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) during the period from 2005 to 2020. The results show that: on the theoretical framework, high level new urbanization can promote the upgrading and optimization of economic security, and high level economic resilience can promote the upgrading and development of new urbanization; on the time evolution, the overall level of coupling and coordination between new urbanization and economic resilience of cities in the YRD has shown a stable and improving healthy development; on the spatial pattern, the level of coupling coordination presents a stage-by-stage evolution from 2005 to 2020, with significant spatial spillover effects; on the regional coordination, the power kernel of each city's spatial and temporal leap is more derived from its own 'hematopoietic' ability and endogenous power; on the driving mechanism, the internal elements of the two systems influence the level of coupled and coordinated development between the systems through spatial and temporal interactions with equilibrium forces.
  • TOURISM
    LI Hang, CHEN Si-yue, HUANG Geng-zhi, ZHANG Hong-ou, WEI Su-qiong
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(4): 171-180. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.04.017
    In the context of the deep integration of tourism and health, it is of great significance to re-examine the elemental attributes of the attractiveness of rural tourism destinations and the path of generating them, so as to achieve the sustainable development of rural tourism and rural revitalization. This study develops an analytical framework to explore the pathways through which rural tourism destinations generate attraction, based on the theory of therapeutic landscapes in health geography. The results reveal that: 1) From a therapeutic landscape perspective, the attractiveness of rural tourism destinations is comprised of five main categories. 2) No single variable alone is a necessary condition for the attractiveness of rural tourism destinations, although ecological therapeutic landscapes play a more prominent role. 3) The combination of these elements forms three distinct pathways to rural tourism destination attractiveness: the nature-nostalgia attraction type dominated by modern therapeutic landscape, the local culture attraction type dominated by natural and symbolic therapeutic landscape, and the cultural and entertainment synergy attraction type dominated by natural and symbolic therapeutic landscape.
  • Wei YU, Shu-min LIU, Xue-bo ZHANG, Min WANG, Jin-ping SONG
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 165-174. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.017
    Abstract (221) PDF (213) HTML (156)   Knowledge map   Save

    Based on the "elite embedding" perspective, this paper takes Zhuquan village in Yi'nan as a typical case to analyze the process of rural tourism space production and interpret the interaction logic between capital and power. The result indicates that the rural tourism space production in Zhuquan village is driven by elites who embed themselves into the network of local actors through capital, organization and management. Meanwhile, local space is being reshaped by structural forces such as political economy, institutional culture, etc. Elite discourses of power guide the expansion and circulation of capital space. Political elites conceptualize the representation of tourism spaces and dominate the production of material entities in tourism areas, achieving the first-level circulation of capital. Economic elites invest in creating the commodity space and consumption environment within the tourism area, completing the second-level circulation of capital. The third-level circulation of capital focuses on continuous investment by elites in the personal development and social services of non-elite groups, helping local actors to break free from the isolation dilemma of "self" and "other" roles in livelihood and alleviating social conflicts arising from unjust distribution through struggles.

  • Jia-xing CUI, Ya-wen PENG, Xue-song KONG, Jian-wei SUN, Han JIN, Wen-sheng ZHENG
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 133-144. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.014
    Abstract (218) PDF (240) HTML (165)   Knowledge map   Save

    Based on the data of 162 prefecture-level cities of ten urban agglomerations from 2012 to 2021, this study examines the impact of urban agglomeration polycentricity on urban-rural integration. The results show that: 1)The Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing, Shandong Peninsula and Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang urban agglomerations generally show a trend toward polycentricity, while other urban agglomerations show a tendency of weakening polycentricity. 2)The overall level of urban-rural integration of ten urban agglomerations shows a steady increase. There are significant spatial differences in the level of urban-rural integration among ten urban agglomerations, with medium-high and high integration zones distributed around medium integration zones. 3) The polycentricity of urban agglomerations and urbanrural integration show a significant inverted U-shaped relationship. 4)The influence of polycentricity on urban-rural integration varies among urban agglomerations at different stages of development.

  • TOURISM
    YUAN Chao, XU Lin-zeng
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 175-183. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.018
    Originating from the sociology of science and technology, the actor- network theory(ANT) has received continuous attention from many disciplines. Compared with foreign tourism research, ANT still has a lot of room for exploration in terms of theoretical dialogue and wide range of topics in domestic tourism research. Based on this, this paper takes tourismscapes as an intermediary concept connecting ANT and tourism research, and systematically sorts out the theoretical origins, conceptual connotation and empirical research pathway of tourismscapes. Specifically, the article first elaborates on the concepts of symmetry, nonreduction, actor networks, and translation, and briefly introduces how these concepts relate to tourismscapes research. Secondly, the research orientation of tourismscapes is analyzed from the definition, boundary and characteristics, modes of ordering and spatial logic, which responds to the current empirical research to a certain extent. Thirdly, taking the destination as an example, this paper cites the case of the medieval center in Nykøbing Falster to illustrate research pathway of the empirical research of the destination under the tourismscapes. Finally, this paper analyzes the research orientation, focus and exploration topics of tourismscapes as a paradigm.
  • TOURISM
    XU Chun-xiao, TANG Li-sha, YUAN Yu-bin
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(4): 181-192. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.04.018
    The mechanism of red culture empowering the development of tourist attractions is a subject of obvious theoretical significance and outstanding practical value.The role of red culture in the brand of tourist attractions has received more attention from academics, but the impact of the red cultural load on the brand status of tourist attractions has not yet been studied, in which the role of cultural empowerment mechanisms and paths are not yet clear.Therefore, based on SOR theory,constructed a new framework containing the interpretation of the hierarchical relationship between red cultural load, cultural pride, and brand status of tourist attractions, this paper explores the awakening of red culture to cultural pride and the mechanism of enabling the brand status of tourist attractions. Through three experiments, this paper finds that: 1)Compared with the low red cultural load of tourist attractions, the high red cultural load of tourist attractions has a more obvious effect on the awakening of cultural pride, and is more capable of enhancing tourists' evaluation of the brand status of tourist attractions.2)Cultural pride plays a mediating role in the relationship between the red cultural load and the brand status of tourist attractions.3)Self-destination connection plays a regulating role in the red cultural payload and cultural pride of tourist attractions. When the self destination connection is high, the cultural pride aroused by the high red cultural load is significantly higher than the low red cultural load; when the self destination connection is low, the difference of the red cultural load in the tourist attractions cannot cause a significant difference in cultural pride. 4)Cultural participation plays a regulatory role in the relationship between the red cultural payload and cultural pride in tourist attractions.
  • Ming LI, Hui WANG, Xin-yu YANG, Yu-chun ZHU
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 121-132. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.013
    Abstract (213) PDF (247) HTML (164)   Knowledge map   Save

    Based on China's provincial panel data from 2008 to 2020, the entropy value TOPSIS method is used to measure the level of urban-rural integration and development, and the impact of land resource mismatch on urban-rural integration and development is empirically examined using the two-way fixed-effects model and the spatial Durbin model. The study finds that: 1) land resource mismatch inhibits urban-rural integration development; from the perspective of various dimensions, land resource mismatch has a significant impediment to urban-rural economic, social and spatial information integration, but does not have a significant effect on urban-rural population integration and ecological integration. 2) The new development pattern of 'double-cycle' plays a negative regulatory role in the process of inhibiting urban-rural integrated development by land resource mismatch, and can alleviate the negative impact of land resource mismatch on urbanrural integrated development. 3) The impact of land resource mismatch on urban-rural integrated development has a significant spatial spillover effect, hindering urban-rural integrated development in neighboring regions. Therefore, the supply structure of land resources should be optimized to improve the efficiency of land resource allocation; at the same time, the level of trade openness should be raised to activate the vitality of the development of domestic demand; and the regional linkage of land resource allocation should be strengthened to promote urban-rural integrated development.

  • CITY
    TANG Shuang, ZHANG Jing-xiang, LI Mu-han
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(3): 59-67. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.007
    The cultivation of innovation network is an important factor for anchoring urban innovation space and shaping urban innovation environment. Especially from the micro-subject perspective, it is possible to develop a more profound explanation of the process and mechanism of innovation network formation. Therefore, taking Nanjing as an example, on the basis of identifying the scope of urban innovation space by using patent application data and 'Getis-Ord Gi*' method, we construct the innovation network of Nanjing's innovation space one by one applying the information of cooperative relationship in cooperative patent application data. The results found that: 1) From the perspective of scale type, there are differences in the scale composition of innovation linkages in urban innovation spaces; 2) From the perspective of organisation type, urban innovation space can be divided into core subject discrete, core subject combined, multi-subject discrete, and multi-subject combined; 3) The attributes of innovation subjects are an important reason for the differences in the characteristics of urban innovation space network types, and this phenomenon that can be explained by multi-dimensional proximities.
  • Yu-hao RAN, Huan-ming WANG
    HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2025, 40(5): 70-77. https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.05.008
    Abstract (211) PDF (254) HTML (163)   Knowledge map   Save

    This study introduces a "field-scale" analytical framework to explore the intricate relationships among different fields and the evolution of political scales in the realm of county cultural branding. By examining the case of "Village FA" in R County, the research aims to unravel the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the success of cultural branding initiatives. The findings of this study highlight two main strategies: field resonance and scale transition, which constitute a dual logic that drives the success of cultural branding. Within the economic field, market entities play a crucial role in promoting the co-production of the cultural brand under the guidance of the government. They contribute to the branding process by leveraging their resources and expertise to enhance the city's image and reputation. Turning to the dimension of scale transition, the "Village FA" undergoes three scale transitions: from the village scale to the local scale, then to the national scale, and ultimately to the global scale. The initial transition from the village to the local scale focuses on the integration of local information and the design of a cultural brand that resonates with the local community. The second transition, to the national scale, involves the overall planning and strategic integration of the cultural brand within broader national strategies. Finally, the third transition to the global scale centers on the strengthening and upgrading of the cultural brand from an international perspective.