In the digital era, videogame has been further globalized through Internet and network facilities. Different from the globalization of other cultural products, videogames no longer follow the linear conduction of traditional international trade, but form a non-linear product life cycle that relies on the cooperation of developers, publishers/distributors, and consumers from different regions all around the world. Based on the perspective of the pop culture industry, which is the point of economic geography and cultural geography, the study combines methods of following the digital and visual methodology in the field of human geography, taking the Dutch indie game--Rusty Lake as an example that originates from a two-people game studios but has gone global nowadays, tracking and analyzing its globalization process, drawing the following conclusions: 1) The production of Rusty Lake cannot be realized without the acceptance and encouragement of indie games in Europe, as well as the international and globalized digital platforms, reflecting the significance of globalized production environment and producers' creativity and independence. 2) In the aspect of cultural representations, Rusty Lake's borrowing from mainstream culture and the nature of its counterculture exemplifies the inclusiveness of videogames, showing the possibility of multicultural coexistence and cultural diffusion, no matter it is intentional or not. 3) In the process of global circulation, the rise of virtual platform provides a convenient way for the distribution of indie games and breaks the boundaries of space. 4) Video gamers' behaviors of playing videogames indicate their dual identities as consumers and producers.

Revealing the experience mechanism and meaning writing of primary and secondary school students on red study tours can provide theoretical references for the internal optimization of red study tour experiences.The research, which is based on the theory of "Rite of Passage" and takes "Go on a study tour with‐Chairman Mao" as a care study, dissects the process of primary and secondary school students' red study tours through qualitative research.The results show that: 1) The red study tours for primary and secondary school students are essentially composed of a process of deconstructing the daily state through rituals, generating experiences beyond the threshold of daily life, and writing multiple meanings that return to daily life. 2) In the separation stage, driven by motivations such as a break from routine and the acquisition of cultural knowledge, students embark on the study tour. 3) The liminal stage include situation reversal, connection between people and the place, and integration of study tours. 4) The aggregation stage is manifested as the writing of multiple meanings after returning to daily life.

As a significant manifestation of flexible employment, urban street vending poses complex challenges for spatial governance, requiring a delicate balance between livelihood needs and urban management objectives. In the context of the national strategic emphasis on standardizing and developing flexible employment, there is a growing need to explore the regulatory mechanisms of vending spaces in highly populated and institutionally complex urban villages. Based on Actor-Network Theory (ANT), this study adopts qualitative research methods to examine the vendor space on Xiajiao South Road in Guangzhou as a representative case of an urban village vending zone. Through in-depth interviews and non-participant observation, the research deciphers the game relationships and interactions among multiple stakeholders in the process of vending space formation, thereby revealing the underlying mechanisms of such spaces in an urban village context. The findings indicate that: 1) Both human and non-human actors play crucial roles in shaping the vending landscape. 2) The successful formation and sustained development of the vending space on Xiajiao South Road are largely attributable to its embeddedness within local community interests. 3) Key factors contributing to the healthy and orderly development of the vending space include appropriate decentralization of governance power, active public participation, and multi-stakeholder collaborative governance.

Transnational railways are vital instruments for enhancing infrastructure connectivity under the Belt and Road Initiative, contributing significantly to cross-border supply chain integration and economic development in countries along the corridors. This study examines the China–Indochina Peninsula transnational railway from three dimensions—transport efficiency, cost, and reliability—highlighting the evolving trade relations among participating countries. Based on the GTAP model, it simulates the economic impacts of the railway in three stages: partial connectivity, full operation, and network integration. Results show that the central corridor (China–Laos–Thailand) demonstrates superior performance in transport time and cost. The western corridor (China–Myanmar–Indian Ocean) offers strategic value by bypassing the Strait of Malacca. In terms of stability, the Laos–Thailand section outperforms others, while the eastern line (Vietnam) is hindered by limited political trust and weak people-to-people ties, and the western line faces significant disruption due to Myanmar's political instability. GTAP simulations suggest that railway development enhances GDP, social welfare, and terms of trade in countries along the route, while producing mixed spillover effects on non-participating economies. Furthermore, it facilitates industrial upgrading in Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia, enabling a shift from primary resource-based sectors toward processing and manufacturing industries. The study provides valuable policy implications for promoting the domestic–international dual circulation development pattern and advancing the opening-up of China's western border regions through transnational railway integration.

Regional digital-green synergy development represents a crucial pathway for cultivating new quality productivity. Systematically revealing the spatio-temporal evolution and driving mechanisms of this dual-transformation synergy provides a vital breakthrough for discovering regional high-quality development paths. Based on panel data from 278 cities, this study constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for digital-green synergy. Employing analytical methods including coupling models, Markov chains, Dagum-Gini coefficients, and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), we systematically analyze the spatial differentiation patterns, dynamic evolution trends, and multidimensional driving mechanisms of regional digital-green synergy in China from 2012 to 2022. The findings reveal that China's regional digital-green synergy development exhibits an unbalanced spatial distribution with higher levels in eastern and western regions compared to central regions, demonstrating significant spatial clustering characteristics. Through configuration analysis, three distinct development pathways are identified: financial and innovation with green energy efficiency leapfrogging, financial and innovation integrated with digital-industrial infrastructure, and financial and innovation driven by digital-industrial convergence incentives. The study confirms that while differentiated pathways exist for achieving high-level digital-green synergy, financial support and digital-green innovation emerge as common critical drivers. This research provides theoretical foundations and policy recommendations for optimizing regional digital-green synergy policy frameworks.

The restorative function of ecotourism in providing restorative experiences for tourists has been widely recognized in academic literature. A critical research gap persists regarding the precise mechanism through which ecotourism's distinctive restorative experiences influence behavior by enhancing emotional connections between tourists and natural environments. This study takes Qingxiu Mountain in Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as the case study site. Grounded in the Cognition-Affection-Conation theory, we develop a comprehensive model examining how tourists' perceived restorativeness influences environmentally responsible behavior. Four principal findings emerge from the analysis: 1) Perceived restorativeness demonstrates a significant positive direct effect on environmentally responsible behavior. 2) Both environmental self-identity and environmental empathy function as independent mediators in the relationship between perceived restorativeness and environmentally responsible behavior. 3) These two mediators form a sequential mediation chain linking perceived restorativeness to environmentally responsible behavior. 4) Ecological value exhibits differential moderating effects.

Against the backdrop of the rise of "attention cities" and the deep penetration of digital media, official cultural and tourism short videos produced by urban authorities have rapidly emerged as significant carriers for disseminating urban tourism images and facilitating the digital transformation of public services, owing to their visual appeal, entertainment value, and interactivity. However, there is currently a dearth of research exploring how soft advertising embedded in these official cultural and tourism short videos influences the public travel intentions. This paper constructs an analytical framework based on the AIDMA model to investigate the impact mechanism of soft advertising in official cultural and tourism short videos on the public travel intentions. Relevant conclusions are drawn through empirical analysis of 1, 012 questionnaires. The findings reveal that the public's travel intentions are subject to the combined influence of the attractiveness of soft advertising in official cultural and tourism short videos, the public's interest and desire in such advertising, and the information pushed by platforms. During this process, perceived usefulness serves as a mediating factor. This study not only provides a theoretical framework for understanding how soft advertising in official cultural and tourism short videos affects the public travel intentions but also offers practical insights for enhancing the digital transformation and effectiveness of urban tourism public services.

Second-home residential living has become a new trend for urban residents seeking leisure and vacations. However, existing research lacks sufficient exploration of the processes and mechanisms of place making in such communities. Using ethnographic methods and adopting the Aranya in Qinhuangdao, China, a typical second-home residential community, as a case study, this study employs the theory of Locality as its analytical framework to depict the formation and evolution processes of second-home residential community and its underlying mechanism. The findings reveal that the place making of second-home residential communities undergoes a transformation process from 'A Seaside House for Summer Retreats' to 'An Ideal Home for the Middle Class' and finally to 'A Homeland for Poetic Dwelling'. The key factor driving the evolution is the cycle modes and hierarchies of capital circuit fostered by the expanded behaviors of developers. This study firstly explores the place-making process of second-home residential community from the perspective of locality. It not only extends the analytical framework of locality, deepens the understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of second-home residential communities, but also offers managerial implications for the sustainable development of the residential tourism real estate industry.

The tourism competitiveness of cities along the Grand Canal is one of the core indicators for measuring their potential for sustainable development. Grounded in amenity theory, this article constructed an evaluation system of culture, recreation space, environmental quality, reception services, transport accessibility and social life to evaluate the tourism competitiveness of 36 cities along the Grand Canal from 2012 to 2021. Then we explored its spatial-temporal evolution and regional differentiation with the methods of linear weighting, kernel density estimation, spatial pattern analysis, and the Theil index from the perspectives of municipal regions and cultural zones. Research has found that: 1) The tourism competitiveness of the Grand Canal has steadily improved in temporal evolution, but the overall level remains relatively low (0.2—0.4). The differences among six cultural zones are obvious. 2) The spatial pattern of tourism competitiveness exhibits a characteristic of "high in the north and south, low in the middle". Only node cities such as Langfang and Jiaxing show heterogeneous agglomeration characteristics in cultural zones. 3) The overall regional differentiation has narrowed, with the source of differentiation shifting to intra-regional contributions after 2018. Among these, the internal differences within the Beijing-Tianjin, Yan-Zhao, and Central Plains cultural zones are greater than those within the other three cultural zones.

The activation and utilization of cultural heritage are crucial components of the revitalization of Chinese culture and integral elements of tourism landscapes. Using national key cultural heritage sites in the northwest region of China as a case study, this research employs spatial analysis methods such as kernel density estimation and standard deviation ellipses, combined with qualitative approaches derived from landscape genetics, to identify and analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of cultural heritage tourism landscapes in the northwest region. The results indicate that cultural heritage exhibits an overall spatial distribution pattern characterized by "dense in the east and sparse in the west, " oscillating along a northwest-southeast axis, with its center of gravity shifting in relation to social evolution. Based on the biological DNA analogy, the constructed framework of cultural heritage tourism landscapes includes four core genes: historical transitions, core areas and diversification, temporality and continuity, and expansion and aggregation, forming a dynamic spatiotemporal genetic map. This study provides theoretical support and practical pathways for graded protection of cultural heritage, integrated cultural-tourism development, and regional collaborative governance, thereby advancing systematic recognition and efficient transformation of heritage values. Meanwhile, this study offers a new paradigmatic reference for geographical inquiries into related cultural heritage.

As an elderly care model that combines the advantages and characteristics of family care and institutional care, community-based home care not only meets the real economic basis of the elderly, but also reasonably satisfies their expectations of local care. By constructing an evaluation index system of community home-based elderly care service capacity including five subsystems of living facilities, medical and health resources, social participation, human resources and welfare subsidies, the entropy value method is used to measure the community home-based elderly care service capacity of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China from 2012 to 2021; second, the Dagum Gini coefficient is used, shapley decomposition method to analyze the spatial and temporal differences in community home-based elderly care service capacity, the sources of differences and their influencing factors. Finally, based on the convergence effect model, the spatial and temporal convergence characteristics of the community-based home care service capacity are explored. The study shows that: 1) the overall capacity of community-based home-based elderly care services has been steadily improving, but shows obvious provincial spatio-temporal heterogeneity, and provinces show strong mobility among regions with different capacity levels. 2) The overall regional and inter-regional differences in the capacity of community-based home-based elderly care services have been further reduced. 3) The regional differences in the capacity of community-based home care services are mainly due to inter-regional differences, and human resources are the primary factor leading to the differences in service capacity. 4) There is σ-convergence in the national, eastern and western regions in terms of the capacity of community-based elderly care services.

Based on the China Family Panel Studies (2012—2020), this study analyzes spatiotemporal patterns and determinants of household transport consumption inequality using an integrated "expenditure-burden-poverty" framework. Key findings indicate: 1) Between 2012 and 2020, urban and rural households exhibited marked increases in transport expenditure, burden rates, and poverty rates. While transport expenditure equity improved, transport burden inequity intensified, with rural households showing significantly higher burden and poverty rates. 2) Low-income families exhibited a"low expenditure–high burden"paradox, as transport poverty shifted toward disadvantaged groups. 3) Spatially, transport expenditure, burden, and poverty rates followed a distinct "western high-eastern low" pattern. Western regions consistently showed higher values, with rural transport poverty exceeding 20% in the southwest. 4) Household income, age structure and railway density were critical determinants. Low-income and younger families, as well as those in rail-scarce areas, faced heavier burdens. Railway infrastructure demonstrated significant burden-reduction effects in western regions.

Geotourism has been increasingly recognized as a vehicle for sustainable development, yet little is known about how visitors' experiences transform into active behavioral support for sustainable practices, especially in the context of UNESCO Global Geoparks. This study investigates the formation path of visitors' behavioral support intention for destination sustainable practices, conceptualized as action-oriented willingness to participate in protection, advocate responsible practices, and engage in planning. Drawing on Pine and Gilmore's 4Es framework, this study construct and test a model linking geotourism experiences (education, esthetics, entertainment, escapism) to support intention for destination sustainable practices through pride, place attachment and subsequent engagement.The data were collected from 590 visitors to a UNESCO Global Geopark located in Henan Province, China, through a random intercept survey method. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the hypothesized relationships, and independent sample t-tests were used to examine differences between respondents aware and unaware of the site's UNESCO designation. The results indicate that all four experiential dimensions significantly enhance visitors' pride, place attachment, and engagement. Moreover, respondents aware of the UNESCO certification reported significantly higher levels of experience quality, emotional connection, engagement, and behavioral support intention than those unaware.The study contributes to the literature in three ways. Conceptually, it introduces and operationalizes support intention for destination sustainable practices as a distinct construct, extending prior work that focused primarily on passive compliance intentions.

The symbiotic relationship between tourism development of provincial capitals and surrounding cities is a noteworthy issue in tourism geography. Is there a phenomenon of "dark under the light" or "bright under the light" between the two? By using the methods of primacy ratio, symbiosis theory, and optimal parameter geographic detector, this paper verifies this phenomenon based on related data of tourism economy from 2000 to 2022. The results indicate that there is a generally phenomenon of "dark under the light" in the tourism development of provincial capitals and surrounding cities, and this phenomenon has a strengthening trend. Generally speaking, the phenomenon of "dark under the light" about tourism economy in Northeast China is most severe, while is relatively weak in the Middle China; on the contrary, there is a phenomenon of "bright under the light". The mechanism analysis shows that there are two symbiotic modes between Chinese provincial capitals and surrounding areas: "positive asymmetric reciprocal relationship"and"parasitic relationship", with"positive asymmetric reciprocal relationship"being the main mode. The"positive reciprocal relationship"indicates that the tourism development of the provincial capitals and surrounding cities generally constitutes a benign system, which is beneficial to both parties; while"asymmetric"indicates that this relationship benefits one party more than the other, and benefits the tourism development of provincial capitals more than the surrounding cities.

It is recognized that perceived authenticity exerts a significant influence on tourists' travel experiences, whereas perceptions of a destination's authenticity are readily undermined by external cultural interventions. Against the backdrop of Chinese ancient town tourism development-within which extensive external cultural elements have been introduced-the exploration of the evolutionary mechanisms of tourists' perceived authenticity is regarded as critically important for the development of such destinations. On the basis of in-depth interviews with fifty-two respondents and participatory on-site observation, the stage-specific characteristics of tourists' perceived authenticity, as well as the mechanisms of its evolution across different phases of the visit, are revealed. The findings show that the perceived authenticity of visitors to Yangliuqing ancient town is manifested as a three-stage evolution of "aspirational authenticity," "partial authenticity," and "beautified authenticity." The typology and progression of this process are delineated accordingly. It is further argued that the essence of the evolution of perceived authenticity during the various stages of tourism is the result of continuous changes in tourists' psychological distance to the ancient town, which give rise to corresponding changes in the level of cognitive construal. This argument is advanced under the guidance of the framework of "tourism process-psychological distance-construal level," by which the relationships among the phases of the visit, perceived distance, and the abstraction of interpretation are organized.

Traditional villages face two interrelated pressures: the overwhelming influx of external resources and the continual insufficiency of endogenous driving forces. Taking as its foundation an analytical framework for the new endogenous development of traditional villages-structured around the sequential logic of"system structure-system function-system strategy". This paper conducts a case study of Zhangguying Village in Hunan Province. By employing three-level open coding, the study identifies key developmental variables, which are then integrated with system dynamics methods to analyzes the mechanisms of new endogenous development and its practical pathways in Zhangguying Village. The research results can be summarized in three main points: 1)The new endogenous development system of Zhangguying Village is primarily constituted by three broad categories of elements: behavioral actors, development resources, and institutional rules. 2)The mechanism of new endogenous development in Zhangguying Village can be delineated into three interrelated subsystems: the exogenous system, the endogenous system, and the integrated system that combines internal and external dynamics. 3) Zhangguying Village has gradually formed three practical pathways: resource-coordinated embedding, actor collaboration and co-governance, and value identity-driven development.

This study integrates multi-source data to construct panel data of 285 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2011 to 2019, based on the theory of digital technological innovation and tourism supply and demand coupling coordination, and utilizes the two-way fixed effect model, the panel smoothed transformation regression model and the spatial Durbin model to validate the multi-influence effect of digital technology on the tourism supply-demand coupling coordination. The main findings are as follows: 1) The level of coupling coordination of tourism supply-demand in Chinese cities shows continuous growth. 2) Digital technology significantly promotes the coupling coordinated development of tourism supply-demand, and this influence effect is more prominent in areas with good tourism development and high Internet level. 3) Digital technology has a non-linear incremental effect on the level of tourism supply and demand coupling coordination, and the effect and significance of the influence increases as the level of marketization increases. 4) The spatial Durbin model test found that the improvement of the level of digital technology development not only helps to promote coupling coordinated development of tourism supply and demand in the region, but also promotes the improvement of the level of tourism supply and demand coupling coordination in the neighboring regions through the spatial spillover effect.

Rural e-commerce has become an important driving force for China's economic growth, with its spatial distribution pattern of upstream and downstream market is of great significance for industrial structure upgrading and regional coordinated development. Based on county-level digital rural data, this study systematically examines the spatial distribution dynamics of rural e-commerce upstream and downstream market and the importance of each influencing factor, using Moran's index, kernel density estimation, random forest and SHAP value models. The results show that: 1) China's rural e-commerce upstream and downstream market exhibit a multi-core spatial pattern of "large agglomeration, small dispersion", the upward market and the downward market realize the spatial change process of point source and non-point source agglomeration growth respectively, and gradually shift to the right to form a polarization phenomenon. 2) China's rural e-commerce upstream and downstream market presents a significant spatial agglomeration and differentiation, and gradually turns from "sales polarization, consumption homogenization" to "sales homogenization, consumption polarization" characteristics. 3) Traffic density and information facility impact both market, and the industrial base has a greater impact on the upward market, while the downward market is mainly affected by digital resources and income gap. Accordingly, regulatory pathways should optimize supply factors for agricultural product upward sales and guide demand factors for industrial product downward consumption.

This study constructs a theoretical model of mountain tourism participation behavior by integrating SOR theory, MOA theory, and the BRA model. Using a questionnaire survey and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), the study identifies key influencing factors and causal mechanisms, outlines behavioral patterns and participant segmentation characteristics, and proposes adaptive management strategies based on differences in behavioral traits and dynamic adaptation needs. The findings reveal the following: 1) Six endogenous factors are the core influencing factors of mountain tourism participation behavior, and they constitute six path formation types of mountain tourism participation behavior. Among these, four correspond to high participation behaviors, namely risk core-multiple synergy, motivation core-benefit driven, benefit core-risk trade-off, and system adaptation-stimulus regulation; while the other two represent non-high participation behaviors, namely core missing-negative response and risk passivation-low sensitivity response. 2) Key differences between high and non-high participation behaviors lie in the characteristics of the paths, the asymmetry of the action mechanisms, and the dynamic nature of the decision-making process. 3) Adaptive management strategies are proposed, including interventions tailored to participants' decisionmaking traits, personalized services based on market dynamics and consumer needs, and adjustments to tactical and service frameworks in response to subtle behavioral shifts.

The basic attributes of river basin are strongly compatible with the development trend of tourist destinations. Therefore, River basin thinking has an important guiding significance for the development of tourism destinations. Based on the concept and characteristics of river basin, this study extracts river basin thinking, combines its core ideas to construct the cognitive structure of tourism destinations, and forms the cognitive path of tourism destinations under the river basin thinking. The results show that: 1) River basin thinking is a thinking mode with core elements dominating, space-time integration and compound ecosystem as the core viewpoints. 2) Under the river basin thinking, tourist destinations take the theme as the core and the time and space as the perspective, presenting serialized organizational structure, spatial structure with integrity and extensibility, and complex ecosystem structure. 3) The cognitive path of tourism destinations under the river basin thinking is formed by three parts: comprehensive utilization of themes, integration of spatio-temporal scale and ecological regulation within system. This study innovatively puts forward the river basin thinking, in order to provide new ideas and new perspectives for the development of tourist destinations, and promote the transformation, upgrading and renewal of tourism destination research and practice.

An in-depth exploration of the mechanism and transmission path of high-quality tourism development in enhancing ecological resilience is a key issue for promoting the green transformation of the tourism industry and achieving sustainable development. Based on the balanced panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2023, this paper systematically clarifies the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of both high-quality tourism development and ecological resilience, and reveals in detail the underlying influence mechanism of high-quality tourism development on ecological resilience. The results show that: 1) The indices of high-quality tourism development and ecological resilience in each province have all shown a steady and continuous upward trend year by year, presenting a spatial distribution pattern of being significantly higher in the eastern region and relatively lower in the western region. 2) High-quality development of tourism exerts a significant and robust positive promoting effect on ecological resilience, and its spatial spillover effect is notably higher than the direct effect. 3) High-quality development of tourism has significantly enhanced ecological resilience through improving marketization levels and accelerating technological innovation, and it exhibits a dual threshold effect determined by both urbanization levels and the structure of the tourism industry. The research results can provide valuable references for enhancing ecological resilience and promoting the green transformation of the tourism industry through sustained high-quality tourism development. This study offers theoretical insights and practical guidance for fostering tourism–environment synergies that support long-term ecological sustainability.

Scientific and technological innovation plays a leading and supportive role in the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). However, institutional and cultural differences among participating countries may exert potential impacts on their knowledge collaboration. This study employs social network analysis and exponential random graph model to investigate the structural dynamics of transnational knowledge collaboration networks across 65 BRI countries from 2016 to 2021, with particular focus on the mechanisms through which institutional and cultural factors operate. The results indicate: 1) The intensity and scale of knowledge cooperation among BRI countries have continuously increased, forming a "core-semi-periphery-periphery" structure and differentiating into two stable communities: a Central Asia-Eastern Europe cluster and a Southeast Asia-West Asia cluster. 2) The network demonstrates clustering tendencies and self-organizing characteristics, significantly influenced by institutional and cultural environments. 3) In terms of institutional proximity, countries sharing similar economic, political, and legal systems are more likely to collaborate. Regarding cultural proximity, a shared language fosters cooperation, with the influence of an official language exceeding that of a spoken language.

Based on the perspective of humanistic geography, the paper constructs a research framework of Triple Places (Spiritual Places, Other Places, and Self Places), and takes the Heming Teahouse, located in the People's Park of Chengdu, as a case study to discuss the derived meanings and the movement of places and placelessness, as well as the relationship between them nowadays. The paper obtains the following conclusions: In the Spiritual Place, the paper divides the process of the Heming into four stages, the Pre-place Paving Stage, the Strong Place Developing Stage, the Strong Placelessness Shrinking Stage, and the Place Revival Stage. The influence of placelessness has two sides. When facing the crisis of the deconstruction of the meaning of the place, the place has its own resilience, i.e., the cultural genes carried by the people and objects rooted in the place. Subsequently, through the construction and abstraction of the triple place map, the paper proposes an axis of place movement to highlight the special temporality and movement of place, arguing that the perception of place that comes from the collective sedimentation in history will be gradually superimposed with the inheritance of generations, and will become the collective archetype of the emotion of the place. Finally, this paper analyses the contradiction between place and placelessness from the perspectives of site and individual, and discusses the triple derivative meanings of place and placelessness from the levels of significance, phenomenon, and attitude, arguing that the antagonism between place and placelessness is weakened due to the more relaxed historical process nowadays, and that the two are both opposing and can be transformed into each other.

Since the founding of the Republic of Türkiye in 1923, Istanbul has undergone a profound transformation from an imperial center into a modern metropolis. Under the dual forces of rapid urbanization and economic globalization, Istanbul has experienced a range of urban challenges commonly conceptualized as "urban maladies." These challenges are manifested in chronic traffic congestion, the unregulated expansion of informal housing, escalating environmental degradation, and increasingly pronounced social stratification. The causes of these problems are structurally distinctive, including spatial constraints stemming from Istanbul's transcontinental, dual-continent layout, intensified pressure on urban resources driven by large-scale inmigration, development imbalances caused by the excessive concentration of economic functions, the inherent ecological vulnerability of the Bosphorus and its coastal zones, and social tensions associated with multiethnic and multicultural diversity. The interaction of these factors has generated compounded systemic pressures, undermining the city's livability and sustainable development potential. In response, Istanbul has established a multi-dimensional governance framework covering transportation, environmental regulation, housing policy, and social welfare. Initiatives such as the construction of cross-strait transportation networks, industrial relocation and port emission controls, and the legalization of informal settlements combined with the expansion of public services have contributed to mitigating urban pressures to a certain extent.

Healthy aging is a critical pillar of Healthy China Strategy. Investigating the effect of mobility on older adults' well-being and its underlying mechanisms is crucial for enhancing their overall well-being. Based on the mobility—social exclusion—well-being theoretical framework, this study uses the survey data of 1109 older adults from ten major cities in China to explore the effects of maintenance and leisure travel frequencies on eudaimonic and hedonic well-being, and the mediation effect of social exclusion. The results reveal that maintenance travel frequency is directly and negatively associated with well-being, while leisure travel frequency is directly and positively correlated with well-being. Social exclusion plays a key mediating role: maintenance travel frequency reduces well-being by increasing social exclusion, whereas leisure travel frequency enhances well-being by decreasing social exclusion. The impact of leisure travel frequency on flourishing and positive affect is greater than that of maintenance travel frequency, while maintenance travel frequency is more important for negative affect. This study emphasizes the differentiated role of mobility types, reveals the key mechanisms of social exclusion, and provides policy implications for optimizing the mobility and enhancing the well-being of older adults in the Chinese context.

Traditional geography has long focused on spatial heterogeneity characteristics and the mechanisms of geographic environmental effects in subjective well-being research. However, the research paradigm based on static neighborhood effects has significant limitations, particularly in neglecting the dynamic impact of individual spatial mobility on geographic environmental exposure. This paper first systematically reviews the concepts and measurement methods of subjective well-being, elucidates the theoretical origins of geography's involvement in subjective well-being research from the perspective of disciplinary development history, and critiques studies on the relationship between geographic environments and subjective wellbeing. Secondly, based on philosophical and methodological innovations, it proposes a shift in the paradigm of geographic subjective well-being research towards spatiotemporal behavior. That is, from static locational analysis to dynamic behavioral tracking, from environmental determinism to human-environment interaction theory, and from cross-sectional studies to process research. Thirdly, the paper constructs a geographic research framework for subjective well-being based on the coupling of time, space, and human behavior.

With the continuous refinement of humanistic planning and the growing complexity of human-land relationships, the fairness issues caused by traditional communities ignoring the diverse needs of residents have gradually emerged. Simultaneously, there has been a rising interest in the individual's needs and perceptions in the field of social sciences. Given that individual perceptions and needs significantly influence travel behavior and activity participation, relying solely on spatial data for objective accessibility often fails to provide complete information. Western scholars have begun to shift their research focus to perceived accessibility. Currently, perceived accessibility, owing to its unique advantages, has emerged as a significant complement in accessibility research. However, compared with the rich research achievements in the West, studies in China are still relatively lacking. Therefore, based on a comprehensive understanding of the current Western research status, the paper systematically reviews the origins, core concepts, and measurement methods of perceived accessibility. Subsequently, by examining the research content of perceived accessibility across four key dimensions: travel modes, population groups, spatial locations and emerging technologies, the paper proposes future directions and a framework for in-depth research on perceived accessibility. Finally, considering the current research gaps in China, the paper summarizes the implications of Western perceived accessibility research for accessibility studies in China, aiming to provide a basis and support for theoretical exploration and practical research in relevant fields.

With the growing popularity of driving tours as a prominent form of tourism, automobiles, as the core carriers, have become deeply integrated into the tourism system. However, their agency in constructing tourism networks remains underexplored. Drawing on actor-network theory and empirical data from four long-distance driving trips, this study examines the materiality of automobiles in driving tourism and their role in shaping relational networks. The findings reveal three key dimensions: First, automobiles reconstruct spatial meanings as "mobile habitation spaces." Amid the tension between enclosure and mobility, they sustain tourists' sense of security and belonging while being constrained by infrastructure and technical systems.Second, as "taskscape shapers, " the "mobility-mooring" rhythm reshapes the temporal logic of tourism, facilitates the "generalization of attractions, " and connects tourists with communities to form dynamic consumption networks. Third, automobiles regulate diverse relational networks through "territorialization mechanisms" and "disparities in mobility capacity." Within road spaces, competition for right-of-way between motor vehicles and other road users constructs implicit "power territories, " while the speed advantage and technical thresholds of automobiles exacerbate relational inequalities among tourists, local residents, slow travelers, and the natural ecosystem.