中国乡村众创空间的空间分异及其影响因素研究

刘红霞; 杨建林

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2024.03.015

PDF(4666 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3) : 142-150. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2024.03.015

乡村

中国乡村众创空间的空间分异及其影响因素研究

刘红霞^1,2, 杨建林¹

作者信息 +

STUDY ON SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF RURAL MAKER-SPACE IN CHINA

LIU Hong-xia^1,2, YANG Jian-lin¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

乡村众创空间是乡村创新体系建设的重要载体。文章从生态位态势视角梳理出乡村众创空间的类型，并采用空间统计分析方法揭示中国乡村众创空间的空间分异规律及其影响因素。结果表明：①乡村众创空间可分为涉农企业资源共享类、产业园区服务供给类、高校院所成果转化类、专业性孵化器孵化类、创业平台活动聚合类、村域开放协同互助类6种类型。②中国乡村众创空间呈集聚型分布，表现为高密度分布在长江以北的沿海地区，从沿海向内陆逐渐递减，呈现东密西疏、北多南少的特征，且各类型乡村众创空间地域分异显著。③中国乡村众创空间分布受到信息化基础、社会资本、政府支持、区域开放程度、乡村资源禀赋、乡村经济发展以及科技支撑因素不同程度的影响,不同类型乡村众创空间的影响因素存在差异;因素之间存在协同增强效应，其中社会资本与乡村资源禀赋的交互作用是首要因素组合。

Abstract

The article takes 1908 rural maker-spaces in China as the research object, sorts out the types of rural maker-space from the perspective of niche ecostate-ecorole, and uses methods such as nearest neighbor index, Voronoi map analysis, kernel density estimation, and geographic detectors to reveal the spatial differentiation patterns and influencing factors of rural maker-space in China. The results indicate that:1) Based on the perspective of niche ecostate-ecorole, the rural maker-space can be divided into six types: agriculturerelated enterprise resource sharing, industrial park service supply, university and institute achievement transformation, professional incubator incubation, entrepreneurial platform activity aggregation, and village open cooperation and mutual assistance.2) The overall spatial distribution of rural maker-space in China presents a clustering pattern, specifically manifested as the high-density distribution of rural maker-space in the coastal areas north of the Yangtze River, gradually decreasing from the coastal area to the inland, with the characteristics of being dense in the east and sparse in the west, and more in the north and less in the south. 3) The spatial distribution of rural maker-space in China is influenced to varying degrees by factors such as informatization foundation, social capital, government support, regional openness, rural resource endowment, rural economic development, and technological support.

导出引用

刘红霞, 杨建林. 中国乡村众创空间的空间分异及其影响因素研究[J]. 人文地理. 2024, 39(3): 142-150 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2024.03.015

LIU Hong-xia, YANG Jian-lin. STUDY ON SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF RURAL MAKER-SPACE IN CHINA[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2024, 39(3): 142-150 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2024.03.015

中图分类号： K901

参考文献

[1] 尹西明,陈劲,张月遥.乡村创新系统推进乡村振兴的路径与机制研究[J].天津社会科学,2020(3):103-109.[Yin Ximing, Chen Jing, Zhang Yueyao. Research on the path and mechanism of rural innovation system to promote rural revitalization[J]. Tianjin Social Science, 2020(3):103-109.]
[2] 卢凤君,金琰,李志军,等.基于创业生态系统理论的"星创天地"的运行模式与演化研究[J].农业科技管理,2017,36(5):50-52,70.[Lu Fengjun, Jin Yan, Li Zhijun, et al. Research on the operation mode and evolution of "xingchuang tiandi" based on the theory of entrepreneurial ecosystem[J]. Management of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2017,36(5):50-52,70.]
[3] 项振海,黄哲,李志刚.众创空间的内涵、功能搭建与机制:对广佛智城的实证[J].规划师,2016,32(9):18-23.[Xiang Zhenhai, Huang Zhe, Li Zhigang. Connotation, function and mechanism of mass innovation space:A positive study of GuangzhouFoshan smart city[J].Planners, 2016,32(9):18-23.]
[4] 卫武,赵璇.画布视角下不同类型众创空间的商业模式:一个多案例比较研究[J].科技进步与对策,2021,38(9):1-8.[Wei Wu, Zhao Xuan. Business models of different types of maker spaces from the perspective of business model canvas:A four cases comparative study[J]. Science&Technology Progress and Policy, 2021,38(9):1-8.]
[5] 范丽繁,莫李丹,劳科源.众创空间运营绩效的提升:资源驱动还是服务驱动? [J].科技管理研究,2022,42(12):169-178.[Fan Lifan, Mo Lidan, Lao Keyuan. Improvement of operating performance of the makerspaces:Driven by resource or service? [J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2022,42(12):169-178.]
[6] 滕堂伟,覃柳婷,胡森林.长三角地区众创空间的地理分布及影响机制[J].地理科学,2018,38(8):1266-1272.[Teng Tangwei, Qin Liuting, Hu Senlin. Spatial distribution and influencing factors of national mass makerspaces in the Yangtze River Delta[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2018,38(8):1266-1272.]
[7] 罗静,陈洁,蒋亮,等.中国众创空间的空间演化及影响因素研究[J].华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),2021,55(5):741-754.[Luo Jing, Chen Jie, Jiang Liang, et al. Spatial evolution and influence factors of national makerspace in China[J]. Journal of Central China Normal University (Natural Sciences), 2021,55(5):741-754.]
[8] 武光.众创时代下乡村旅游创客基地建设研究[J].理论建设,2016(6):22-25.[Wu Guang. Research on the construction of rural tourism creator base in the era of crowdsourcing[J]. Theory Construction, 2016(6):22-25.]
[9] 张孝宇,马莹,马佳.我国农业众创空间的发展模式与困境剖析:基于京沪苏鄂四地的实地调研[J].科技管理研究,2020,40(4):40-47.[Zhang Xiaoyu, Ma Ying, Ma Jia. Analysis of development model and dilemma of agricultural maker spaces in China:Based on field survey of Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Hubei[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2020,40(4):40-47.]
[10] 蔡颖慧.星创天地促进农业农村现代化的机制与运营模式研究[J].图书情报导刊,2021,6(8):71-78.[Cai Yinghui. Analysis on operation model and promoting mechanism of Xingchuang Tiandi in agricultural and rural modernization[J]. Journal of Library and Information Science, 2021,6(8):71-78.]
[11] 田京京,谭新喜,胡仪元.乡村振兴下星创天地评价与发展路径分析[J].农业经济, 2021(11):52-54.[Tian Jingjing, Tan Xinxi, Hu Yiyuan. Evaluation and development path analysis of Xingchuang Tiandi under rural revitalization[J]. Agricultural Economy, 2021(11):52-54.]
[12] 罗景峰.乡村旅游创客示范基地实践效果评价[J].华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2020(4):72-83.[Luo Jingfeng. On the practical effect assessment of rural tourism maker model base[J]. Journal of Huaqiao University (Philosophy&Social Sciences), 2020(4):72-83.]
[13] 张熙.广东星创天地创新能力评价体系构建与实证[J].科技管理研究,2022,42(12):65-73.[Zhang Xi. Construction and demonstration of innovation ability evaluation system of Guangdong Xingchuang Tiandi[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2022,42(12):65-73.]
[14] 陈通,乔云雁,王双明.基于生态位理论的龙头骨干企业专业化众创空间发展策略研究[J].科技管理研究,2020,40(13):234-239.[Chen Tong,Qiao Yunyan,Wang Shuangming. Research on development strategy of specialized maker space of leading enterprises based on niche theory[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2020,40(13):234-239.]
[15] 朱春全.生态位态势理论与扩充假说[J].生态学报,1997(3):324-332.[Zhu Chunquan. The niche ecostate-ecorole theory and expansion hypothesis[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1997(3):324-332.]
[16] 孙文静,袁燕军.基于生态位理论的众创空间发展模式研究:以北京市为例[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(24):19-27.[Sun Wenjing, Yuan Yanjun. Research on modes of maker space on the basis of niche theory:Taking Beijing as an example[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2017,37(24):19-27.]
[17] 张光宇,刘苏,刘贻新,等.新型研发机构核心能力评价:生态位态势视角[J].科技进步与对策,2021,38(8):136-144.[Zhang Guangyu, Liu Su, Liu Yixin, et al. Evaluation of core competence of new R&D institutions:The perspective of niche ecostate-ecorole[J]. Science&Technology Progress and Policy, 2021,38(8):136-144.]
[18] 王秀伟,李晓军.中国乡村旅游重点村的空间特征与影响因素[J].地理学报,2022,77(4):900-917.[Wang Xiuwei, Li Xiaojun. Characteristics and influencing factors of the key villages of rural tourism in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022,77(4):900-917.]
[19] 焦贝贝,张治河,刘海猛,等.乡村振兴战略下欠发达地区农村创新能力评价:以甘肃省86个县级行政单元为例[J].经济地理,2020,40(1):132-139,172.[Jiao Beibei, Zhang Zhihe, Liu Haimeng, et al. Evaluation of rural innovation capability of less-developed areas under the perspective of rural revitalization:A case of 86 counties of Gansu province[J].Economic Geography, 2020,40(1):132-139,172.]
[20] 徐维祥,王睿,刘程军,等.中国农业科技创新的时空演进特征及其影响机制研究[J].中国科技论坛,2021(8):108-119.[Xu Weixiang, Wang Rui, Liu Chengjun, et al. Study on the space-time evolution characteristics and its influence mechanism of Chinese agricultural science and technology innovation[J]. Forum on Science and Technology in China, 2021(8):108-119.]
[21] 刘传喜,唐代剑.双创背景下新农人乡村旅游创新活动类型、空间分布与影响因素:以浙江省为例[J].江苏农业科学,2019,47(21):44-49.[Liu Chuanxi, Tang Daijian. Types, spatial distribution and influencing factors of rural tourism innovation activities of new farmers under the background of double innovation:A case study of Zhejiang province[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2019,47(21):44-49.]
[22] 王聪颖.社会资本的宏观测度指标研究[D].成都:西南财经大学, 2009:33-35.[Wang Congying. Research on Macro Measurement Indicators of Social Capital[D]. Chengdu:Southwest University of Finance and Economics, 2009:33-35.]
[23] 樊君,任鑫丽,陈艳.关于信息化建设促进科技成果转化的探讨[J].科学与信息化,2019(6):2.[Fan Jun,Ren Xinli, Chen Yan. Discussion on informatisation construction to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements[J]. Science and Informatisation, 2019(6):2.]
[24] 韦胜,王磊,曹珺涵.长三角地区创新空间分布特征与影响因素:以"双创"机构为例[J].经济地理,2020,40(8):36-42.[Wei Sheng, Wang Lei, Cao Junhan. Spatial distribution characteristics and impact factors of urban innovative capacities in the Yangtze River Delta region:A perspective from the "business startups and innovation" institutions and platforms[J]. Economic Geography, 2020,40(8):36-42.]
[25] Granovetter M. Economic action and social structure:The problem of embeddedness[J]. American Journal of Sociology, 1985,91(3):481-510.
[26] 宋瑛,杨露,宋帅.互联网嵌入、社会资本与农户电商创业渠道选择:基于黔渝350份农户微观调查数据[J].宁夏社会科学,2021(6):169-179.[Song Ying, Yang Lu, Song Shuai. Internet embedding,social capital and farmers' entrepreneurship channel selection:Based on 350 micro survey data of farmers in Guizhou and Chongqing[J]. Ningxia Social Sciences, 2021(6):169-179.]