上海大都市区物联网产业集聚与空间演化

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.03.017

PDF(2800 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3) : 131-137,145. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.03.017

经济

上海大都市区物联网产业集聚与空间演化

林娟, 张欣炜, 汪明峰

作者信息 +

AGGLOMERATION AND SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS INDUSTRY IN SHANGHAI METROPOLITAN

LIN Juan, ZHANG Xin-wei, WANG Ming-feng

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

新兴技术产业的空间集聚与扩散对大都市区的空间结构有直接的影响，厘清新兴技术产业的空间分布和区位选择规律对新兴产业集群培育和大都市区空间结构调整都具有重要的政策意义。本文分析了上海市物联网企业的空间分布和集聚特征，结果发现初创期物联网企业在郊区集聚，随后向郊区其他区域扩散，并呈现出从单极向多极集聚转变的空间演化进程。通过构建负二项回归探究上海物联网企业的区位选择因素，结果表明制度因素和企业集聚效应对企业区位选择有重要影响。在产业发展初创期，企业区位选择受政府管制和市场机制双重影响，其中制度因素发挥了关键作用；而在随后的兴起期，产业集聚效应对新企业的入驻具有强大的吸引力。

Abstract

Spatial agglomeration and diffusion of new industries has a direct impact on the spatial structure of metropolitan areas. Mastering special distribution and location of emerging industries has important implications for the emerging industrial clusters and space restructuring of metropolitan areas. This industry is more and more prominent in the development of metropolitan area, but the research of Internet of things industry (IOT) spatial evolution is still very limited. This paper studies the spatial distribution and agglomeration of the IOT firms in Shanghai. We collected firm data from RFID world website in the period of 1993 to 2012. After a basic analysis of the rise and spatial pattern of the IOT firms, hotspot analysis is adopted to explore the spatial evolution of these firms. The results show that there exists spatial aggregating feature of IOT firms in Shanghai. In the early stage, the IOT firms agglomerate in the outer suburbs, with a single center administration structure, which is different from traditional modes gathering in city center and suburbs. In the maturity stage, the cluster center shifts and presents a multi-polarization mode, while the initial center cluster relatively weakens. Under market forces, multi-polarization pattern is clearer, and the development model of emerging technology industry tends to be diversified. The results show that institutional factors and agglomeration effect play a key role in IOT firms' location. In the early stage, the location of IOT firms was dual affected by government regulation and market mechanisms, in which institutional factors played a key role. When the IOT industry got into a maturity stage, industrial agglomeration effect settled a strong appeal to new firms. Information has raised a challenge to the traditional location theory that traditional location factors such as land cost and transportation cost have played a less important role in enterprise decision.

导出引用

林娟, 张欣炜, 汪明峰. 上海大都市区物联网产业集聚与空间演化[J]. 人文地理. 2017, 32(3): 131-137,145 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.03.017

LIN Juan, ZHANG Xin-wei, WANG Ming-feng. AGGLOMERATION AND SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS INDUSTRY IN SHANGHAI METROPOLITAN[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2017, 32(3): 131-137,145 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.03.017

中图分类号： F129.9

参考文献

[1] Zanella A, Bui N, Castellani A, et al. Internet of things for smart cities[J]. Internet of Things Journal, 2014,1(1):22-32.

[2] 周劲."三化"与"三业"——试议新兴产业对城市布局结构的影响[J].城市规划,2004(4):62-64,69. [Zhou Jin. The influence of real estate, high technology, and logistics on city layout and structure[J]. City Planning Review, 2004(4):62-64,69.]

[3] 王战和,许玲. 高新技术产业开发区与城市经济空间结构演变[J]. 人文地理,2005,20(2):98-100. [Wang Zhanhe, Xu Ling. Hi-tech industries development zone and evolution of urban economic spatial structure[J]. Human Geography, 2005,20(2):98-100.]

[4] 张芸,梁进社,李育华. 产业集聚对大都市区空间结构演变的影响机制——以北京大都市区为例[J].地域研究与开发,2009,28(5):6-11. [Zhang Yun, Liang Jinshe, Li Yuhua. Influencing mechanisms of industrial agglomeration on urban spatial structure: The case of Beijing metropolitan region[J]. Areal Research and Development, 2009, 28(5):6-11.]

[5] 黄南.世界新兴技术产业发展的一般规律分析[J].科技与经济, 2008,11(5):31-34. [Huang Nan. The general rule of the world's emerging technology industry development[J]. Science & Technology and Economy, 2008,11(5):31-34.]

[6] 梁琦, 刘厚俊.产业区位生命周期理论研究[J].南京大学学报(哲学. 人文科学.社会科学版),2003,40(5):139-146. [Liang Qi, Liu Houjun. Theory on the life cycle of industry location[J]. Journal of Nanjing University (Philosophy, Humanities and Social Sciences), 2003, 40(5):139-146.]

[7] 陈家祥,王兴平.南京高新区高新技术企业的空间扩散研究[J].城市规划,2007(7):32-38. [Chen Jiaxiang, Wang Xingping. Spatial expansion of hi-tech enterprises in Nanjing hi-tech development zone[J]. City Planning Review, 2007(7):32-38.]

[8] 阎小培.信息技术产业的空间分布及其影响因素分析——以美国、英国、中国为例[J].地理学与国土研究,1995,11(2):1-6. [Yan Xiaopei. The spatial distribution of the information technology industry and its determinants: Case Studies on the United States, the United Kingdom and China[J]. Geography and Territorial Research, 1995,11(2):1-6.]

[9] 王磊,付建荣.美国大都市区尺度上的工业区位研究[J].人文地理, 2015,30(2):97-102. [Wang Lei, Fu Jian rong. The spatial distribution of urban manufacturing industries in the United States and its implications for urban development in China[J]. Human Geography, 2015,30(2):97-102.]

[10] 邱灵,申玉铭,任旺兵.北京生产性服务业与制造业的关联及空间分布[J].地理学报,2008,63(12):1299-1310. [Qiu Ling, Shen Yuming, Ren Wangbing. Industrial relevancy and spatial distribution between producer services and manufacturing in Beijing city[J]. Acta Gerographica Sinica, 2008,63(12):1299-1310.]

[11] 贺灿飞,梁进社,张华.北京市外资制造企业的区位分析[J].地理学报,2005,60(1):122-130. [He Canfei, Liang Jinshe, Zhang Hua. Locational study of foreign enterprises in Beijing based on an ordered probit model[J]. Acta Gerographica Sinica, 2005,60(1):122-130.]

[12] 张晓平,孙磊.北京市制造业空间格局演化及影响因子分析[J].地理学报,2012,67(10):1308-1316. [Zhang Xiaoping, Sun Lei. Manufacture restructuring and main determinants in Beijing metropolitan area[J]. Acta Gerographica Sinica, 2012, 67(10):1308-1316.]

[13] 邱报,孙娟,王铮,等.上海高新技术产业内部空间分布及区位分析[J].城市规划,2001(1):46-48. [Qiu Bao, Sun Juan, Wang Zheng, et al. The spatial distribution and location analyses of the shanghai high-tech industries[J]. City Planning Review, 2001(1):46-48.]

[14] 宋秀坤,王铮.上海城市内部高新技术产业区位研究[J].地域研究与开发,2001,20(4):18-21. [Song Xioukun, Wang Zheng. The hightech enterprise location in Shanghai city[J]. Areal Research and Development, 2001,20(4):18-21.]

[15] 毕秀晶,汪明峰,李健,等.上海大都市区软件产业空间集聚与郊区化[J].地理学报,2011,66(12):1682-1694. [Bi Xiujin, Wang Mingfeng, Li Jian, et al. Agglomeration and suburbanization: A study on the spatial distribution of software industry and its evolution in metropolitan Shanghai[J]. Acta Gerographica Sinica, 2011,66(12): 1682-1694.]

[16] 田光进,沙默泉.基于点状数据与GIS的广州大都市区产业空间格局[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(4):387-395. [Tian Guangjin, Sha Moquan. The spatial pattern of Guangzhou metropolitan area industry based on point data and GIS[J]. Progress in Geography, 2010,29(4): 387-395.]

[17] 陈衍泰,程鹏,梁正.影响战略性新兴产业演化的四维度因素分析 ——以中国风机制造业为例的研究[J].科学学研究,2012,30(8): 1187-1197. [Chen Yantai, Cheng Peng, Liang Zheng. Influential factors of strategic emerging industries evolution: An analysis framework of two stage-four dimensions: Empirical studies based on wind turbine industry in China[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2012,30(8):1187-1197.]

[18] David P A.Why are institutions the ‘carriers of history’? Path dependence and the evolution of conventions, organizations and institutions[J]. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 1994,5(2): 205-220.

[19] Sydow J, Schreyogg G, Koch J. Organizational paths: Path dependency and beyond[C]. Paper Given at 21st EGOS Colloquium 30, Germany: Berlin, 2005.

[20] 刘新艳,何宏金.新兴产业空间集聚的动力机制分析[J].科技进步与对策,2011,28(5):63-67. [Liu Xinyan, He Hongjin. Dynamic mechanism analysis of the emerging industrial spatial agglomeration[J]. Scientific & Technological Progress and Policy, 2011,28(5): 63-67.]

[21] 袁中华,冯金丽.制度变迁与新兴产业——理论分析与实证[J].经济经纬,2012,29(2):47-51. [Yuan Zhonghua, Feng Jinli. Institutional change and emerging industries[J]. Economic Survey, 2012,29 (2):47-51.]

[22] 陈洪涛,陈劲,施放,等.新兴产业发展中的政府作用机制研究—— 基于国家政治制度结构的理论分析模型[J].科研管理,2009,30(3): 1-8. [Chen Hongtao, Chen Jin, Shi Fang, et al. Research on mechanisms of government function in the development of emerging industries: Based on the theoretical model of national political institution frameworks[J]. Science Research Management, 2009,30(3):1-8.]

[23] 任寿根.新兴技术产业集群与制度分割——以上海外高桥保税区新兴技术产业集群为例[J]. 管理世界,2004,20(2):56-62. [Ren Shougen. The emerging technology industry cluster and institutional segmentation[J]. ManagementWorld, 2004,20(2):56-62.]

[24] Henderson J V, Kuncoro A, Turner M. Industrial development in cities[J]. Journal of Political Economy, 1995,103(5):1067-1090.

[25] Boschma R A, Wenting R. The spatial evolution of the British automobile industry: Does location matter?[J]. Industrial and Corporate Change, 2007,16(2): 213-238.

[26] Stam E. Why butterflies don't leave locational behavior of entrepreneurial firms[J]. Economic Geography, 2007,83(1): 27-50.

[27] Klepper S. The capabilities of new firms and the evolution of the US automobile industry[J]. Industrial and Corporate Change, 2002, 11(4):645-666.

[28] Martin R. Roepke lecture in economic geography: Rethinking regional path dependence: Beyond lock-in to evolution[J]. Economic geography, 2010,86(1):1-27.

[29] 李德瑜,邹沛思,贺灿飞.中国风电设备制造业发展与空间格局研究[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(9):1187-1197. [Li Deyu, Zou Peisi, He Canfei. Development and spatial pattern of wind equipment manufacture industryin China[J]. Progress in Geography, 2014,33 (9):1187-1197.]

[30] 阎小培.信息产业的区位因素分析[J].经济地理,1996,16(1):1-8.[Yan Xiaopei. Analysis on the location factors of information industry[J]. Economic Geography, 1996,16(1):1-8.]

[31] Beyers W B. Services and the new economy: Elements of a research agenda[J]. Journal of Economic Geography, 2002,2(1):1-29.

[32] 姚康,杨永春.兰州城区制造业空间结构及其影响因素研究[J].人文地理,2010,25(5):59-64. [Yao Kang, Yang Yongchun. A research on the spatial structure of manufacturing industry and its mechanism in Lanzhou[J]. Human Geography, 2010,25(5):59-64.]

[33] Wei Y H D, Leung C K, Li W, et al. Institutions, location, and networks of multinational enterprises in China: A case study of Hangzhou[J]. Urban Geography, 2008,29(7):639-661.

[34] 宋周莺,刘卫东.信息时代的企业区位研究[J].地理学报,2012,67(4):479-489. [Song Zhouying, Liu Weidong. The challenge of wide application of new information and communication technologies to traditional location theory[J]. Acta Gerographica Sinica, 2012,67 (4):479-489.]

[35] Wallsten S J. An empirical test of geographic knowledge spillovers using geographic information systems and firm-level data[J]. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2001,31:571-599.

[36] 赵新正,宁越敏,魏也华.上海外资生产空间演变及影响因素[J].地理学报,2011,66(10):1390-1402. [Zhao Xinzheng, Ning Yuemin, Wei Yehua. Evolution and determinants of foreign production space in Shanghai[J]. Acta Gerographica Sinica, 2011,66(10):1390-1402.]

[37] Huang H, Wei Y H D. Intra-metropolitan location of foreign direct investment in Wuhan, China: Institution, urban structure, and accessibility[J]. Applied Geography, 2014,47:78-88.

[38] 杨洪焦,孙林岩,梁冬寒.我国高新技术产业聚集度的变动趋势及区位因素分析——以电子及通讯设备制造业为例[J].科学学研究,2009,27(9):1335-1343. [Yang Hongjiao, Sun Linyan, Liang Donghan. Trends and determinants of China's hi-tech industrial agglomeration degree: Take manufacture of electronic and communication equipment for example[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2009,27(9):1335-1343.]

[39] 袁丰,魏也华,陈雯,等.苏州市区信息通讯企业空间集聚与新企业选址[J]. 地理学报,2010,65(2):153-163. [Yuan Feng, Wei Yehua Dennis, Chen Wen, et al. Spatial agglomeration and new firm formation in the information and communication technology industry in Suzhou[J]. Acta Gerographica Sinica, 2010,65(2):153-163.]

[40] Wei Y H D, Yuan F, Liao H F. Spatial mismatch and determinants of foreign and domestic information and communication technology firms in urban China[J]. The Professional Geographer, 2013,65 (2):247-264.

[41] 王铮,毛可晶,刘筱,等.高技术产业聚集区形成的区位因子分析[J]. 地理学报,2005,59(4):567-576. [Wang Zheng, Mao KeJing, Liu Xiao, et al. An analysis for location factors that cause industrial agglomeration[J]. Acta Gerographica Sinica, 2005,59(4):567-576.]

[42] 张林,刘继生.信息时代区位论发展的新趋势[J].经济地理,2006,26 (2):181-185. [Zhang Lin, Liu Jisheng. New tendency of location theory in information age[J]. Economic Geography, 2006,26(2): 181-185.]