Scientific and technological innovation plays a leading and supportive role in the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). However, institutional and cultural differences among participating countries may exert potential impacts on their knowledge collaboration. This study employs social network analysis and exponential random graph model to investigate the structural dynamics of transnational knowledge collaboration networks across 65 BRI countries from 2016 to 2021, with particular focus on the mechanisms through which institutional and cultural factors operate. The results indicate: 1) The intensity and scale of knowledge cooperation among BRI countries have continuously increased, forming a "core-semi-periphery-periphery" structure and differentiating into two stable communities: a Central Asia-Eastern Europe cluster and a Southeast Asia-West Asia cluster. 2) The network demonstrates clustering tendencies and self-organizing characteristics, significantly influenced by institutional and cultural environments. 3) In terms of institutional proximity, countries sharing similar economic, political, and legal systems are more likely to collaborate. Regarding cultural proximity, a shared language fosters cooperation, with the influence of an official language exceeding that of a spoken language.

In the digital era, videogame has been further globalized through Internet and network facilities. Different from the globalization of other cultural products, videogames no longer follow the linear conduction of traditional international trade, but form a non-linear product life cycle that relies on the cooperation of developers, publishers/distributors, and consumers from different regions all around the world. Based on the perspective of the pop culture industry, which is the point of economic geography and cultural geography, the study combines methods of following the digital and visual methodology in the field of human geography, taking the Dutch indie game--Rusty Lake as an example that originates from a two-people game studios but has gone global nowadays, tracking and analyzing its globalization process, drawing the following conclusions: 1) The production of Rusty Lake cannot be realized without the acceptance and encouragement of indie games in Europe, as well as the international and globalized digital platforms, reflecting the significance of globalized production environment and producers' creativity and independence. 2) In the aspect of cultural representations, Rusty Lake's borrowing from mainstream culture and the nature of its counterculture exemplifies the inclusiveness of videogames, showing the possibility of multicultural coexistence and cultural diffusion, no matter it is intentional or not. 3) In the process of global circulation, the rise of virtual platform provides a convenient way for the distribution of indie games and breaks the boundaries of space. 4) Video gamers' behaviors of playing videogames indicate their dual identities as consumers and producers.

In contemporary society, capital and political power extend their tentacles to every corner through the horizontal magic of space. Extensive economic cooperation, social restructuring, cultural interaction, and urban-rural integration require solutions that involve more spatial thinking. Understanding the operational mechanism of spatial power is of great significance. With the help of social representation and discourse power theory, this study reveals the idea of social space proposed by Lefebvre, and reconstructs the relationship between the representation of space, the practice of space and the represented space. The findings indicate that: 1) "The representation of space" forms social representations of space from the perspective of social psychology theory, and subsequently manifests as spatial discourse at the practical level, influences human minds and behavior, plays the role of power. 2) The power subjects of various eras construct space and its related spatial discourses such as cognition, concepts, knowledge, policy systems, language symbols, etc. based on realistic needs. 3) The logic underpinning modern spatial governance lies in the existence of politics and capital power operation mechanism in social space，which constructs and articulates space and its discourse, and through this process, they regulate individual and social practical behaviors, subsequently reconfigure social space. In this study, the ternary dialectical relationship of "practice of space, representation of space and represented space" in the production theory of space is transformed into the relationship between spatial discourse, social practice and social spatial reconstruction.

Researches on the sense of place in grassroots society mainly focuses on the experiences and facts of agricultural societies. Additionally, studies on the changes of the nomadic environment in northern pastoral areas focuses on the livelihood difficulties, community disintegration, and ecological degradation issues since the reform of the grassland property rights system, and have not yet paid attention to the individual internalized emotional psychology, such as emotions, memories, and practices, as well as the changes in the sense of place triggered by them at the micro level. Taking Damao Banner in Inner Mongolia, which has undergone the reform of grassland property rights system, as an example, and putting in field investigation in the context of changes of the nomadic living environment, this study investigates how grassroots herders in northern pastoral areas construct and reconstruct the sense of place through emotions, concepts, psychology, and life experiences. Results indicate that ①During the period of the People's Commune, herders continued to construct an orderly nomadic space and a stable and enclosed symbiotic acquaintance social relationship through nomadic practices. ②The privatization of grassland property rights has accelerated the fragmentation of pastoral society and the pulling and restructuring of social relationships. ③In the modern context of modernization without nomadic life in practice, "nomadism" has become a cultural symbol sealed in the memories and traditional rituals of herders.

Studies on the sense of place have significant practical importance in the protection and construction of historical districts. The concept of digital sense of place, which reflects the dynamic interplay between emotions and spatial relationships under digital conditions, represents a crucial extension to traditional place sense research. This study focuses on the Mendong area in the Qinhuai District of Nanjing, China, utilizing social media data to explore the connotation and influencing factors of the digital sense of place in historical districts. To achieve this, the study employs a combination of the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm to explore the connotation and influencing factors of the digital sense of place in historical districts. The findings reveal that, unlike traditional sense of place, which relies heavily on activities and sensory experiences in physical spaces, the digital sense of place emphasizes emotional responses and personal identification within online virtual spaces. Furthermore, key factors influencing the digital sense of place in the Mendong area include place association, place popularity, and place gourmet guide. Based on these findings, the study proposes targeted strategies for cultivating a sense of place in historical districts. These strategies focus on hotspot excavation, scene creation, and memory reinforcement. Hotspot excavation involves identifying and promoting areas with high user engagement and positive sentiment. Scene creation aims to enhance the aesthetic and functional aspects of the environment to foster a stronger sense of place.

Pets have consistently played a significant role in providing emotional comfort and companionship in the daily lives of humans. However, despite this crucial role, pet owners often face numerous restrictions and challenges when attempting to engage in public leisure activities with their pets. This paper constructs a model of pet owners' leisure behavior, utilizing the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA) method. This method allows for an in-depth analysis of how various factors, including leisure motivation, leisure constraints, and negotiation strategies, interact and influence the behavior of pet owners when they engage in public leisure activities with their pets. The findings of this study are multifaceted and highlight several key insights: 1) The participation of pet owners in public leisure activities is characterized by its complexity. 2) Low pet constraints and high pet attachment are crucial conditions for high-frequency leisure participation with pets. Cognitive enhancement, interpersonal coordination, and expenditure calculation negotiation strategies have differentiated effects on high-frequency leisure participation with pets. 3) Negotiation strategies can interact with leisure constraints to mitigate the limiting effects of leisure constraints on leisure participation with pets. 4) Finally, the research identifies that female pet owners with lower levels of education, as well as older individuals with higher income levels, are the primary demographics that actively participate in public leisure activities with their pets.

In the contemporary world, globalization has accelerated the shift from structured societies to ones characterized by fluidity. This transformation has given rise to extensive discussions around various issues, including the identity and spatial perception of individuals as agents of mobility, the reconstruction of places due to the movement of humans and objects, and the evolving meanings of fluid spaces. A focal point of contemporary research within this paradigm pertains to inns as moorings within the mobility system. They are becoming critical in studying the intricate and ever-changing dynamics of mobility and spatial relationships. This paper employs grounded theory as a method to conduct an empirical analysis of the spatial construction and significance of inns situated in Xinduqiao Town along the Sichuan-Tibet tourism route, from the perspective of innkeepers. The study reveals that the spatial configuration of Xinduqiao inns is firmly entrenched in various environments—physical, operational, cultural, social, and living. Concurrently, these spaces were actively shaped through various forms of mobility, encompassing material, social relationships, and emotional flows. Innkeepers adeptly utilize localization and mobility strategies to portray these establishments as spaces imbued with significant subjective meaning. The inns integrate standardized designs and services with localized symbols and thematic elements from beyond the region, resulting in a surreal, assembling, and trans-local composite of material space.Moreover, Innkeepers interlink through complex social networks, endowing the inns with characteristics of extensibility and lack of boundaries, thus presenting them as open social spaces. Furthermore, through a strategic escaping from their original living environments, geographic imagination of Xinduqiao, and social identification fostered through interpersonal interactions, these operators transform their inns into spaces conducive to emotional healing.

This research takes the ancient towns of Dayan, Baisha and Shuhe in Lijiang World Cultural Hertitage, as well as the ancient towns of Dali, Jianchuan, Xizhou, Shuanglang, Shaxi and Xinhua in Dali National Cultural and Ecological Protection Area as the objects of in-depth observation, examines the diverse cultural spaces closely related to cultural production, and tries to summarize the modes of cultural production in the ancient ethnic tourism towns and explores its production mechanism. Four cultural production modes are summarized and the internal mechanisms are also explained: 1) Local Culture Presentation Mode (LCPM). It is manifested as the space construction such as national cultural and non-heritage workshops, museums and cultural courtyards, and and the production of cultural products, both relying on the cultural lineage of ancient towns and cities. 2) Local Culture Reproduction Mode (LCRM).It performs as the contemporary reproduction or reinvention of traditional culture with the help of technology, art, creativity, etc. 3) Foreign Culture Transplantation Mode(FCTM). It is manifested in the migration and replication of different cultures or the personalized expression and production of spatial stakeholders to create a “cultural mosaic”in the ancient towns. 4) The Integration and Interaction of Foreign Culture and Local Culture Mode (IIFCLCM). It embodies as the combination of the foreign culture and local culture to promote the cultural inheriting and innovation.

Urban ethnic cultural landscapes witness the social changes and cultural integration of cities in ethnic areas, and they are an important carrier to reflect urban culture, historical heritage and residents' emotions. Studying the shaping function of urban cultural landscapes on residents' place attachment is of great significance for better understanding residents' needs, protecting landscape characteristics, strengthening residents' sense of identity, and constructing the spirit of local place. Previous research on landscape perception and place attachment has been constantly enriched, but there has been insufficient attention to the role of urban cultural landscapes in shaping residents' place attachment in ethnic areas, and there is a lack of research from the perspective of local residents. This study tries to identify the relationship between urban ethnic cultural landscapes and residents' place attachment and takes Hohhot Dazhao Temple, a typical urban ethnic cultural landscape in China, as a case study area. This study used structural equation model to empirically explore the influential relationship between residents' perceived landscape attributes, landscape identity, and place attachment. This study collected data through questionnaires, and withdrew 435 copies of effective questionnaire finally. Combining the qualitative research methods of semi-structured interviews and in-depth interviews, 8 respondents were randomly selected for offline in-depth interviews. It was found that: 1) Residents' perception of the attributes of urban ethnic cultural landscapes is composed of three dimensions: cultural atmosphere, location and environment, and commercial attributes. 2) Residents' perception of the attributes of ethnic cultural landscapes influence landscape identity. 3) Landscape identity had a significant positive effect on residents' place attachment.

In the context of deep integration of culture and tourism, creative space is the material carrier and concentrated expression field of urban culture and spirit, as well as an important breakthrough point of cultural production and tourism development. This paper selects Hefei, a central city with vertical economic rise, as a case study. The researchers obtained text and photo data in two ways: One was to interview tourists and merchants in Lei Street, Hefei, and the other was to collect text and photo data of comments on the Internet. We constructed the theoretical analysis framework of creative space production combined with StageAuthentic theory and Interactive-Ritual-Chain theory in Lei Street, explored the production process and mode of urban creative space under the intervention of tourism, and analyzed the internal logic of tourists' interactive practice promoting the reproduction of creative space. This paper found that the production mode of Lei Street creative space is the mode of top-down and bottom-up collaboration, that is, it is jointly produced by the government, enterprises and tourists. Under the guidance of urban renewal and cultural tourism development policies, developers invested in the construction of Lei Street to obtain the right of spatial domination. They set a symbolic and immersive creative stage through creative landscape and creative activities, uses the stage order to guide visitors to gaze at the landscape, and finally constructs the spatial representation of urban culture and traditional cultural images.

From the micro-geographical perspective, the home, as a microcosm of society, constitutes a space where material and emotions intertwine. The geography of home has become a prominent topic in human geography in recent years, in which many scholars pay attention to the exploration of specific domestic spaces. The study space, as a distinctive space in Chinese traditional culture, plays a significant role in the evolution and development of the home. This research, based on the collection of online textual data, adopts grounded theory and utilizes Nvivo 11 as a qualitative analysis tool. It takes the representation and non-representation as its perspective and delves into the study space of intellectuals in Chinese universities from the viewpoint of home. The findings of this research reveal a fascinating expansion process of the study space throughout the long-term urbanization process. From its humble beginnings as a 'temporary space', the study space has evolved into a 'semi-space', and an 'independent space', and, in some cases, even culminating in the emergence of a 'super space'. The study space is symbolically represented by 'culture and feelings', showcasing the personalized self-order of university intellectuals. The non-representation of the study space is equally intriguing and multifaceted, characterized by both practical and emotional dimensions. The practices of university intellectuals in the study space include work and daily practices as well as spatial production practices such as spatial conflicts. The representation and non-representation of the study space are interconnected and mutually influential. Intellectuals construct and represent the study space through imagination, while the personalized environment of the study space enables them to practice more effectively.

The study finds that the geographical imagination of Shameen lacks the directionality in early popular discourses. Between 1924 and 1945, with the conflict between China and foreign intensified, the spatial image of Shameen is purposefully represented and othered by subjects of power and discourse. In view of this, we argue that the othering and industry process of spatial image of Shameen in newspaper's discourses is a dynamic negotiation process of multiple subjects and pluralism under the role of social power relations in different periods, characterized by the Chinese newspaper discourse, and is a comprehensive response to the changes in social relations of the times. As a conclusion, from the representation of modern civilisation, the cohesion of social consciousness to the concern for social contradictions, the discourses of different eras have their own discursive cores, and the imagination of differentiation is historically constructed by different eras' discourses. And it is important to note that although the spatial image of Shameen has changed in different historical periods, reports about the conflicts between China and foreign countries have existed since Shameen was set aside as a concession and have continued to influence the construction of the image of Shameen in media discourse.

The immersive experience of ice and snow tourism emphasizes tourists' physical literacy and athletic abilities. This study, grounded in embodied cognition theory, elucidates the transformation process from tourism field to ice and snow tourism field. It delves into the bodily functions within the ice and snow tourism field, from a micro perspective, uncovers the interactive relationship between the ice and snow tourism field and tourists. Furthermore, it systematically expounds upon the shaping and iterative process of body culture space. The study posits that the body, as the experiential subject within the ice and snow tourism field, assumes diverse functions such as field cognition, embodied experiences, and cultural space formation. From the premise that "tourism is experiential, and experience requires embodiment, " the physical "presence" of tourists' bodies becomes an objective requirement for realizing immersive tourism experiences, with bodily experiences serving as the wellspring for constructing the ice and snow tourism cultural space. Throughout the tourism activities, tourists naturally embed their bodies into the ice and snow tourism field, and play a creative regulating role in the construction of the psychological field and physical field of the ice and snow tourism, fully experiencing and organically shaping the ice and snow tourism field. With the "multi-level and diachronic accumulation" of ice and snow tourism destinations, the significance attributed to the body as the core subject continues to manifest, leading to a gradual transition of body culture space from "body culture node-body culture axe-body culture field". In the long term, under the combined influence of internal driving forces within the body and external technological advancements, the body culture space within ice and snow tourism field will undergo complex and diversified iterative evolution.

Geographical imagination is a psychological process of information processing or reforming of places and their local knowledge to shape new images. This study applies geographical imagination to social media research, taking overseas audiences of an internet celebrity Li Ziqi's short videos on YouTube as the research subject, through content analysis of public comments and semi-structured interviews, to explore how the local knowledge produced by We Media is dynamically deconstructed, represented and reconstructed by the audiences' geographical imagination. The study found that:1) the construction of geographical imagination in short video communities is composed of individual and collective imagination, which forms similar viewpoints through interactive discussion, giving meaning and co-creating value to the short videos, thereby affects audiences' behavioral intentions. 2) Li Ziqi's short videos awaken audiences' positive emotions, and their geographical imagination is activated by high-quality audiovisual sensory experiences, which includes the imagination on material elements in short videos at the microscopic level and the imagination on China at the macroscopic level. This study broadens the research perspective of geographical imagination, and provides reference for the shaping of China's international cultural tourism images and projects.

In the process of China's economic and social transformation, the phenomenon of the educational gentrification has been of considerable concern, but whether there is a gentleman issue for the fast-growing of the shadow education with the dual attributes of the educational and commercial is worth exploring. With the main urban area of Lanzhou city as the research scope and shadow education institutions as the research object, this study adopts methods such as spatial kernel density and OD cost matrix to quantitatively understand the relational interaction process of spatial accessibility, economic adaptability and social contact of shadow education and its associated elements, and then comprehensively determine the spatial characteristics of gentrification of shadow education. To explore the gentrification of shadow education and its formation mechanism. The results show that:1) The spatial distribution of shadow education in the main urban area of Lanzhou City is characterized by multinuclear agglomeration in the shape of a river valley belt, and the site selection has the spatial-social contact characteristics of being close to the residential areas. 2) The shadow education gentle space in the main city of Lanzhou City presents the distribution pattern of strong east and weak west, more east and less west, with an obvious tendency of expansion, and is most typical of the core area of Chengguan District, which is characterized by high accessibility-high economic adaptabilityhigh social contact. 3) Urban function expansion and renewal under the historical inertia of unit system and school district system, the long-term accumulation of high-quality education resources area becomes the spatial basis of shadow education gentrification.

Landscape genes are the essential characteristics that distinguishes one cultural landscape from another, and landscape genomics mapping is an approach or a perspective to study the regional differentiation of settlement cultural landscapes. Landscape colour is an important visual representation of cultural landscapes, which is the most direct way for visitors to get a pleasant impression and experience of the landscape, and landscape genes with recognizable colours can create a more livable and appealing atmosphere for people to produce and live in. As a result, landscape colour plays an important role in the identification of cultural landscape genes. This paper, adopting the colour identifiability point of view in landscape gene theory, focused on the central city of Yan'an, the holy land of the revolution. To be more specific, the former Yan'an Revolutionary Sites are the research objects, and the identifiability of the scenic landscape of the former Yan'an Sites is analysed by using the methods of landscape gene identification, extraction and mapping construction. Through a large number of design examplars, the red revolutionary culture, loess style culture and heavy historical and cultural imagery embedded in its colours were sorted out, identified and extracted, and the colour system of the former Yan'an Revolutionary Site was constructed. The results show that the colour genes of the landscape of the former revolutionary sites in Yan'an City present wholeness, locality and identifiability, and the overall appearance of its colours presents an ecological and humanistic focus of the landscape colour pattern, and has a strong identifiability, consistency and connectivity in both natural landscape colour genes and humanistic colour genes.

With the deepening of globalization, the cross-border flow of migrants has become increasingly frequent. The African enclave in Xiaobei, Guangzhou has attracted widespread attention at home and abroad due to its obvious ethnic characteristics. Some scholars believe that this African enclave will exist forever, just like Chinatowns around the globe. These studies lead to the thinking of this paper: Why does the African enclave in Xiaobei, Guangzhou rise and fall rapidly instead of " evergreen"? What forces are driving the evolution of this African enclave? Based on the territorialization theory of political geography, this paper analyzes the action mechanism of multiple subjects in the shaping and reconstruction of African enclave in the local context from the perspective of power space. The research shows that the formation, development and decline of the African enclave are actually the result of the joint action of the three forces of society, market and administration. The African enclave is a territory where Africans gain the right to use space in commercial space, residential space, and public space. It is a weak territorialization relying on the social and market territorialization. In different historical periods, with the change of the development context of Xiaobei, the power subject that dominates its social space has changed, and the material space and social space have been transformed under the interaction of territorialization-deterritorializ- ation-re-territorialization among power subjects, the African enclave rooted in the local society show an evolutionary path of formation, development and decline.

Intangible cultural heritage tourism blocks are a unique development model for intangible cultural heritage tourism, relying on historical and cultural blocks for landscape development and industrial operation of intangible cultural heritage resources. Taking Tunxi Old Street in Huangshan as an example, taking the theory of spatial production as the analytical framework, through on-the-spot observation, in-depth interviews and textual analysis, the temporal and spatial evolution and dynamic mechanism of the spatial structure of intangible cultural heritage tourist are discussed. The research believes that: The spatial structure of Tunxi Old Street has experienced the evolution of the landscaping of material space, the diversification of cultural space and the fluidity of social space; the production of tourist space in the old street is the product of the combined effect of the logic of capital proliferation and power intervention, and power dynamics act on the "social economy" level and "political system" level of the block respectively; while capital and power shape the social structure of space, they also realize the reconstruction of social relations, the expression of social power and the construction of cultural meaning. Realizing "people-oriented" space justice may be the fundamental way. It can be considered from the perspectives of establishing market access mechanisms, strengthening the guidance of business format norms, introducing market supervision and management mechanisms, paying attention to the protection of "authenticity of life" in historical neighborhoods, achieving residents' "community empowerment", and maintaining equal spatial rights and interests.

Taking the Guangzhou International Lighting festival as an example, combined with the theory of a complex adaptive system, this paper points out that the festival is a complex adaptive system. Combined with the stimulus-response rules, this paper specifically analyzes the logic and practical content of the order construction of the festival organizer. Through conducting an in-depth review with the core members of festival organizations, as well as the acquisition of second-hand information from the Internet, we learned that the festival organizers and managers adopt five methods to improve and enhance the spatial order, they are spatial order location and layout, transportation order, information and propaganda order, environmental order and security order. According to CAS theory, to improve the adaptability of the festival organization and the orderly operation of the next festival, it is suggested that the festival organization should promote its adaptability, coordinate with the relationship between different stakeholders, improve the capacity of the spatial layout and design, and raise the service management. The research results of this paper will contribute to a deeper understanding of the design and management of event space, and provide a reference knowledge system and management mode for the same type of event operation.

This paper explores the bodily practices, representation constructions, and performance processes of ethnic village residents in post-disaster emotional recovery using the framework of human emotions theory and the perspectives of representational and non-representational analysis within cultural geography. The study found that: 1) Individual bodily practices, driven by emotional arousal, contribute to reshaping the material space of the home and the placement of bodies and objects, thus promoting the initial recovery of emotions and the emotional healing of the home in disaster-affected residents. 2) Families affected by disaster dissolve the emotional disconnect and discomfort of the post-disaster home through daily life and livelihood recovery practices, leading to the rebuilding of the dynamic space of the home, the continuing of the emotional meaning of the home, and enhancing the level of emotional recovery. 3) The creation of a collective community participation atmosphere in ethnic festival rituals builds the space for individual and group interaction, highlighting the cultural nature of the festival rituals, generating cultural identity.

Clarifying the tourist role and practice mechanism is of great benefit to effectively promote the construction of the Long March National Cultural Park. Built on the role theory and genius loci, this research focuses on the red heritage sites of the Long March National Cultural Park and constructs an analysis framework of "role-place" by using the content analysis method to explore the role and practice mechanism of tourists who take the Long March route.The research found that:1) The role situation is composed of the dual structure of the continuous Long March site and the fluid local place, and the genius loci is composed of the continuous Long March spirit and the fluid local spirit; 2) Role practice presents two modes of interaction between roles and interaction between roles and places. The interaction between tourists and hosts, historical event figures and natural ecological space is the main role practice behavior; 3) Role identity occurs in the process of interaction between roles and places. Tourists generate self-identity, national identity and human identity in the interactive practice. Human identity originates from both human identity attributes and place stimulation.This paper introduces human identity and the spirit of fluid place, enriches the theory of role identity and genius loci in red tourism, and provides a practical reference for the high-quality tourism development of the Long March National Cultural Park.

The phenomenon of tourism spatial injustice in the locality production of ancient ethnic towns has become a realistic dilemma which affecting the sustainable development of ancient ethnic towns. Based on the value orientation of spatial justice, this paper examined the representation of tourism spatial injustice in the locality production of ancient ethnic towns and interpreted its occurrence mechanism. It is found that the disorder and homogenization of locality production leaded to the changes of landscape production, cultural production, livelihood mode production and social relations production, and induce the representation of tourism spatial injustice in the aspects of environment, culture, economy and society. Its generating process was found as follows:1) In the process of tourism urbanization, capital, power and policy may lead to spatial injustice; 2) Locality production will induce the spatial injustice through the aspects as following:The imbalance in the process of space materialization, capitalization, power and the space resource distribution, space usage and space ownership. 3) Locality production catering to the tourism space production and consumption induced the contradiction between efficiency and fairness, protection, and development. 4) The distribution of space benefits gave birth to the new poverty and so on.

Humanistic geography is an important school of western geography, however it has been down since the 1980s. Moreover, the development of humanistic geography in China falls further behind than that in the Anglo-American academic circle. As one of founders of humanistic geography, Yi-Fu Tuan's thoughts also have triggered hot academic discussions especially after he passed away. It is necessary to reconsider how to inherit and practice his humanism thought which is extremely lacking in reality. How to act towards humanism has become the most crucial question in the post-Tuan era, both for academia and its practice, as well as the daily life of human beings. Yi-Fu Tuan's academic thinking and his place-based experiences are closely related to his sense of place. Through refreshing the interacting history of his academic thinking and place-based experiences, this paper reveals that humanism is the product of the interaction between "academia and place", "self and world" and "thought and practice". Humanism is not only a worldview but also an exploration and action beyond daily life. Inspired by humanistic geography, there are four paths that can guide us to seek the world of humanism: reflecting self and world, balancing localism and universalism, breaking out of the narrow departmentalism and living transcendentally. Humanism is an essential course for human beings at both the practical and academic aspects, it has become a very important tradition in geography. Humanistic geography shows a kind of value, and more importantly, it provides us with a different path for practice. In the future, humanistic geography has great prospects for development. Chinese geographers should go deep into this field and stick to it because it is not only about our understanding of the dwelling world or nature, but also about our true understanding and positive action by ourselves in everyday life.

In recent years, under the background of the "body turning " and "spatial turning", the research related to body and space practice has been hotly debated in academia. Based on aforementioned, this study takes urban postpartum professional women as the research object, using the case of postpartum yoga to demonstrate the interactive perspective of body and space practice. This research adopts semi-structured in-depth interviews and participatory observation with 21 postpartum women and text analysis methods to show the dynamic and complex process of postpartum professional women's physical rehabilitation and spatial practice. The study found: 1) In order to satisfy the stereotyped postpartum imagination of urban professional women in society, workplace and self, the rehabilitation practice of postpartum women shifts from home space to commercial space; 2) The rehabilitation of home space comes from the interaction of intimate relationships, which promotes postpartum women's self-efficacy and "motherhood" identity learning; 3) The body of urban professional women swings and penetrates in different rehabilitation spaces, the main mechanism behind it is the result of the gender norms of the female body in the professional environment and the cultural turn of modern consumer society.

This study combines the construction-oriented place theory and means-end chain theory, takes Lianhu Park and Jiangtan Park as two typical urban public space, to analyze the formation process, hierarchical structure and identity construction of the socio-cultural implication of Huangmei Opera performance. The material attributes of Lianhu Park and Jiangtan Park provide the stage space for Huangmei Opera, the older generation realize the purpose of improving the quality of life based on the perception of material attributes, the younger generation also recognize the physical and mental health benefits of space for the older generation. The interweaving effect of material and cultural attributes of public space promotes the formation of social attributes, the openness of the material space of Lianhu Park leads to the gathering of diversified performance forms, the older generation seek the sense of belonging through the conclusion of social relations and companionship, the younger generation seeks family gathering through companionship. The limited material space of Jiangtan Park makes the performance form relatively simple, so it became a gathering place for the older generation, the younger generation often choose to live outside the boundaries of performance space, Based on this, the older generation release themselves and seek identity through embodied practice of Huangmei Opera in urban public space, and the gathering of the older generation makes the construction of identity broken of the younger generation.

In the middle of the 20^th century, a wave of violence against Chinese emerged in Southeast Asian countries, and a large number of overseas Chinese were forced to return to China as returned overseas Chinese (Nanqiao). It should be pointed out that Nanqiao is a binary system, not only returned overseas Chinese but also refugees. Nanqiao performs different identity negotiation and national identity with their unique life course and space practice. This article takes the returned Vietnamese Chinese (Vietnamese Nanqiao) in the former Hongqi Farm in Zhuhai as the case study, and uses the qualitative research method to explore their change process of identity negotiation and national identity with the interaction of various subject in different spaces. This results shows that the change of space environment promotes the change of identity negotiation among the returned Vietnamese Chinese. This article provides a new analytical framework for the immigrant identity and national identity from the perspective of time-space coupling.

The consumerism ideology characterized by individualism and romanticism covers up the structural factors behind the goods in the consumer society. Therefore, exploring the flow of local factors in the commodity chain's production, distribution, and consumption dimensions provide insights to reveal the root causes of social inequality. This study takes K-pop idols as research objects, introduces Sack's moral geography theory, and tries to investigate the interaction mechanism between production and consumption nodes in the K-pop idols commodity chain from the morality of production and consumption nodes. Research shows that: 1) The production space of K-pop idols is a positive instrumental geographic landscape. Natural, social relations and meanings under the construction of neoliberalism promoted the efficient operation of the K-pop idol industry but, to some extent, hindered the differentiated and diversified development of K-pop trainees. As a consequence, it is of negative intrinsic geographic characteristics. 2) Mass media construct post-modern K-pop idols' consumption scenes and promote consumption by satisfying consumers' demands for spatial context, seeking identification, and creating meaning, thus improving the commercial value of K-pop idols. However, the concealment of the fact of the production place makes the consumption space lose the local authenticity and complexity and presents the negative intrinsic geographic characteristics of monotony and fragmentation. 3) As a positive instrumental moral geographic landscape, K-pop idols' production and consumption landscape promote the efficient operation and circulation of the commodity chain. However, the interaction between production and consumption of K-pop idol's commodity chain has negative intrinsic moral geographical characteristics.

With the globalization of culture and the vigorous development of the domestic cultural industry, the designer toy industry has become one of the most prosperous emerging cultural formats in China in recent years. The rapid offline expansion of designer toy stores and the strong emotional and social needs of players for designer toy also help to explore the emotional significance of subcultural consumption space to people. In order to find out people's special attachment complex on subcultural consumption space, this research will study designer toy store with the help of place attachment theory. As an exploratory research, five POP MART stores in Dalian are taken as a case, and first-hand data are collected from observation and interviews. The subjects of the survey were 14 designer toy players who entered POP MART stores for consumption and who know more about designer toy. The data collection mainly involves three aspects: 1)What are the motivations for players to go to the store; 2)Players' consumption experience in the store and what they think; 3)What words would players use to describe the stores? After organizing the data, this study follows the basic idea of grounded theory, perform three-level coding analysis of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding on the data. In open coding, the article extracts 61 native concepts in conceptual stage and forms 13 categories after categorization, and forms five main categories in axial coding, i. e., subcultural style, cultural aesthetics, consumption space, leisure time, and social interaction. Finally, a theoretical model of place attachment in subcultural consumption space is constructed after selective coding.

There are significant differences in political system, economic development level, social and cultural customs in different countries, which have caused institutional and cultural conflicts as well as the inadaptation in the development of China's overseas economic and trade cooperation zones. Therefore, how to overcome cultural differences to better integrate into host countries has become a scientific question. Based on the principles of cultural respect, integration, and innovation, the paper takes the China-Egypt TEDA Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone as an example, and explores the cultural adaptability of cooperation zone from four aspects, namely, material culture, behavioral culture, institutional culture, and spiritual culture. The research findings are as follows: 1) The cultural adaptability of cooperation zone cannot be unified. 2) China-Egypt TEDA Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone follows the concepts of seeking common ground and respecting differences, innovation and integration.

In the most recent years, rural revitalization has become the most top prioritized work for Chinese government, and rural studies have therefore become an unprecedently welcomed issue in Chinese academia. In an era when rural topics are generally concerned, the current studies on rural landscape have been mainly focusing on rural materiality, while interpretations extending from material forms to the social and cultural aspects as well as its complex power relations of the rural have been apparently under-explored, not even studies on art- led rural development. Taking Shuanglang village, Dali, Yunnan province as the empirical case, this study builds an analytical framework of rural landscape production with landscape as the observing object and with the total production theory as the theoretical basis. On this basis, this study adopts the methods of archival analysis and in-depth interviews with five times fieldwork in Shuanglang from November 2016 to October 2020. With these empirical materials, this study investigates the process and mechanism of Shuanglang's rural landscape reproduction under the background of art intervention from three dimensions, including landscape forms, landscape society, and landscape ideals. This study has three main conclusions. First, the study finds that the reproduction process of Shuanglang's rural landscape is essentially a process of rural development tending towards artification, modernization, and touristification. Second, the art intervention in rural development in this case has a full effect on the various structural aspects of such rural landscape, and has feedback on different levels of economy, politics, and culture. In view of this, this study believes that art intervention has become an opportunity for the development of Shuanglang.

The number of migrant children in Shanghai accounts for more than half of the total, but the sense of place and other issues of migrant children lack extensive attention of the researchers. Migrant children are faced with the difficulty of going to school and are forced to move continuously. It is difficult for them to establish long-term ties with a place. Therefore, this paper took Shanghai X community children's service center(The service groups are mainly migrant children) as an example and through the qualitative research methods such as cognitive map, in-depth interview and participatory observation, this paper explores the characteristics and formation mechanism of migrant children's sense of place, and analyzes migrant children's perception of home. The results show that: 1) Migrant children's sense of place is different in three scales: Community and city, urban and suburban, and emotion; 2) Migrant children's cognition of home includes three forms: Identification, loss and mobility. Migrant children's sense of place does not depend on specific places, but a positive sense of place based on relatives, friends and other social networks, moving among many places, evolving, inclusive and open; 3) The formation mechanism of migrant children's sense of place is jointly affected by the social environment and the natural environment. Government power affects X center, family and school respectively, and these three, together with intelligent devices and the natural environment, directly affect migrant children's sense of place.

This paper takes the South China Sea Museum as a object of study, uses the "geographical imagination" theory, adopts the methods of participatory observation, semi-structured interview, and discourse analysis, to analyze historical narrative of the museum for geographic knowledge production, and discuss the construction process of the geographic imagination. This paper aims to expand the focus on the physical space media such as museums in the study of geographical imagination from the non-western perspective. From the empirical level, it provides a new research perspective for the study and understanding of the South China Sea from the perspective of multi-scale. The results show that the geographical imagination of the South China Sea in the South China Sea Museum of China(Hainan) is not only a discourse construction, but also a practice of national territorial sovereignty on the discourse level. Place names, features, maps, and landscapes are the foundation of the geographical imagination of the South China Sea. The South China Sea Museum constructs the regional, boundary and geo-relationship imagination of the South China Sea through the spatial organization of the "past" resources. Place names, geographical entity, maps, and landscapes are the tools and core of the construction of geographical imagination of the museum. The South China Sea Museum of China(Hainan) is a place where history and science, discourse and power, reality and imagination interweave. Behind this micro-space is the negotiation and overlapping of history, culture, and geopolitics at the macro scale. Overall, geographic imagination which is built by the South China Sea Museum of China(Hainan) is incomplete.

International students will experience culture shock when they move to a new place with different culture. The perception of the urban space is the reflection of acculturation. In another words, they will never choose the space that they are not belonged to. So, acculturation is following the "space-behavior" geographical research themes explicitly and implicitly. It is growing to be the significant mission for the geographer to construct a generalized theory explaining the interaction between space and behavior of international students. Based on the theoretical foundation of social-space, behavioral geography, time geography, this study was aimed to explore the relationship between acculturation and urban space. One hundred and twenty six Chinese students in Birmingham completed questionnaires, which assessed three dimensions including acculturation, individual behavioral data, and attributes. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) There were no many barriers about language and customs in students' lives. 2) In this case, four modes of acculturation strategies including integration, separation, assimilation and marginalization were divided. 3) The space was the result of the low level of acculturation and then the space of segregation and overlap would hinder acculturation.

This article used the interview method and the observation method to analyze the process of emotional experience and the mechanism of emotional arousal of host-guest interaction ritual of ethnic village tourists under the Collins' interactive ritual chain theory. The results found that:1) In the course of toasting ritual performance, the tourists of ethnic village are driven by the elements of toasting ritual to achieve a collective state of excitement. 2) The tourists of ethnic village gain emotional effect such as individually emotional energy and collectively emotional consolation and collectively cultural symbols and moral perception through host-guest toasting ritual, and endow the props with emotional meaning to become cultural symbols that symbolized the toasting ritual. 3) Cultural symbols load the emotion of host and guest, after tourists of ethnic village return to their surroundings of ordinary daily life and will achieve emotional arousal of toasting ritual experience through the encounters of cultural symbol and the sharing of emotional experience and the substituting of toasting ritual.

Using a methodology of multidimensional perspectives, namely, natural, social, cultural and economic, we established a framework for interpreting the geographical essence of Chinese food, in which the food is elaborated as the product of human-nature interaction, the bridge of social relationships, the carrier of local culture and identity, as well as the globalized local specials. Empirically, the paper conducted a content analysis of a well-known TV program on Chinese gastronomy, "A Bite of China", published by CCTV. It was suggested that the fine foods in China introduced by the program are greatly concentrated in the regions in the eastern side of Hu Huanyong Population Line, with a spatial pattern characterized as ‘more in the south and east while less in the north and west’, which is highly overlapped with the distribution of ancient farming culture areas and modern metropolitan areas. In the end of the paper, we proposed that more attention should be paid to the research agenda of food geographies in the Chinese geographical society, especially an incorporation into western theories of food geographies is urgently needed.

This paper proposed a concept of "newly constructed ancient town" from the perspective of constructivism, emphasizing its social and cultural significances. After summarizing four modes of authentication, namely top-down material construction, top-down discursive construction, bottom-up material construction, and bottom- up discursive construction, this paper developed the "authentication- spatial production" framework by incorporating theories of authentication and the production of space. This paper examined the theoretical framework with a case study of Gubei water town investigating the process and outcomes of as well as methods for cultural activation and representation within Gubei water town. Conclusions can be summarized as follows:1) The perceived space was constructed by the water town company with the authentication mode of the top-down material construction. "Renovating the new as old" was adopted as a principle producing the sense of history and culture in a brand-new material space. 2) The conceived space is the result of historical and cultural representations that embody the process of discursive construction. 3) The experiential space relies on the accumulation of tourists' individual authentic experiences. 4) During the process of authentication, elements of the spatial triad consistently interacted with each other.

In the context of mobility, how transnational elite migrant practice, reconstruct and perceive the home in receiving country to realize the permanent residence is both a practical and an academic issue. By using qualitative research methods, such as semi-structured in-depth interviews, observation and object tracking, this paper quotes "rooted home" as the geographical concept to explore the cross-border everyday life practise and home construction of transnational elite migrant of rooted type, especially paying attention to the object representing "from developed countries to developing countries", which is a new migration paradigm. It is found that the rooted elite migrants having rooted understanding about home doesn't mean they don't "move", but refers to keeping balance and in touch with their past rooted home. Besides, in the process of home-making in received place, the rooted elite migrants usually use nostalgic everyday life strategies, including dimensions of materiality, emotion and externality. It's easy for elite migrants to realize the material dimension but not the emotional and external dimensions. Moreover, the mobility not only deepens the rooted elite migrants' identification of their past rooted home, but also affects the perception and conception about their present home, meanwhile affecting the orientation and thinking about their future ideal home.

Along with the realistic needs of sustainable tourism development, research on mechanism of tourists' environmentally responsible behavior has attracted great attention from domestic and foreign researchers. This research starts from nostalgia and takes perceived value and place attachment as intermediary variables to construct the environmentally responsible behavior influence mechanism of tourists in historical and cultural blocks. Taking the historical and cultural districts of Liwan District in Guangzhou as examples, using the structural equation model method to analyze 346 valid questionnaires by SPSS24.0 and AMOS25.0, the findings are as followed:1) The nostalgia of tourists has no significant direct impact on their environmentally responsible behavior; 2) Tourists' nostalgia influences their environmental responsibility behaviors mainly through two indirect paths:"nostalgic emotion → place attachment → environmentally responsible behavior" and "nostalgic emotion →perceived value → place attachment → environmentally responsible behavior"; 3) Perceived value does not have a mediating effect between nostalgia and environmentally responsible behavior.

Employing the alienation and resonance theory, we explore the mechanism behind the geographical flow of tourism entrepreneurial migrants, concerning Xizhou as an example. The migrants resist the modern life alienation that is common in cities and towns. Modifying the relationship with the society, they achieved resonance for the world through reconstructed lives in rural tourism destinations in four dimensions:Time, space, action, and dingwelt. They 1) achieved more autonomy to plan their time; 2) managed to re-shape the material and social space with the entrepreneurial business; 3) got rid of the unsatisfied labor and work pressure in the city, and found happiness and a sense of belonging; 4) identified a more profound significance and connection with dingwelt, either produce goods or consumer goods. However, alienation to a certain degree in one way or another is irresistible. Tourism destinations have already introduced modern society features through modernization, or urbanization. Through the social networks, either locally in Xizhou or remotely connected to other parts of the country, the momentum of the modern life habits makes the migrants anxious about their future. Rather than completely escaping from alienation, the migrants entered the cycle of re-alienation. Thus, the multi-faceted nature of alienation and resonance results in numerous thrust and pull during the migration process. The migrants are experiencing a life practice with multiple iterations of alienation and resonance.

Based on GIS, this paper firstly analyzes the spatial and naming pattern of historical place names in Kuan-chung Plain from Xia to Ming-Qing dynasty. And then, from the perspective of landscape representation and Bourdieu's symbolic power theory, the cultural and political pattern during the evolution of historical place names will be revealed based on Critical Toponymy. Results indicate that:1) As the high density areas of the spatial replacement of historical place names in Kuan-chung Plain, the political center with Xi'anXianyang as the core and the military center with Tongguan and Chencang (Baoji) as the core are the focuses of space struggle for political rights. However, the sporadically distributed natural place names have historical stability in the marginal areas surrounding the political and military centers. 2) The ruling classes and the masses launched a naming game around the place names based on palace and mausoleum, the official and clan, personage and surname, wish and blessing, and sacrifice and temple. At the same time, all classes want to express their "self" value and wishes with the help of place names, which is a typical social and cultural symbol. 3) The historical place names in Kuan-chung plain have distinctive characteristics of the times. But on the whole, there is a characteristic of class ideology in the process of naming and changing of place names, and the tendency to concern about people's livelihood and culture.