文化景观基因理论缘起、发展与多学科扩散

刘沛林; 曾灿; 郑文武

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2024.06.003

PDF(2582 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6) : 15-22. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2024.06.003

人文地理专业委员会40周年庆典专栏

文化景观基因理论缘起、发展与多学科扩散

刘沛林^1,2, 曾灿^1,2, 郑文武³

作者信息 +

THE DEVELOPMENT AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY PROLIFERATION OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE GENETIC THEORY

LIU Pei-lin^1,2, ZENG Can^1,2, ZHENG Wen-wu³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

景观基因理论发展至今逐渐成为体系基本完备的一种传统聚落研究理论，运用基因分析法与现代信息技术手段识别、提取、分析聚落景观基因特征并构建相关图谱，形成的“景观信息链”理论与“胞—链—形”结构分析法为传统聚落保护与利用提供了理论与方法支持。研究表明：①景观基因理论缘于传统聚落保护和发展的现实需求、文化景观创新研究的需求及“基因”理论的社会学应用与启发；②景观基因理论可分为前期探索—成型完善—应用扩散等三个阶段；③其应用与扩散形成了三个主要分支：建筑科学与工程学科的聚落空间基因研究，旅游、文化、农业经济、社会等学科的聚落文化基因研究以及地理、地理信息等学科的聚落空间、文化等景观基因综合研究。

Abstract

The theory of "Landscape Information Chain" and the structural analysis method of "Cell-ChainShape" provide theoretical and methodological support for the protection and utilization of traditional settlements. At present, multidisciplinary research has been formed on the cultural landscape gene excavation, value sorting and revitalization and utilization of traditional settlements. Landscape gene theory provides an innovative conceptual foundation and theoretical platform for the development of cultural geography, settlement geography, landscape architecture, historical geography and image design art. A systematic study of landscape genetic theory is extremely important and timely in this critical period of cross-fertilization and development of disciplines. The study shows that: 1) The cultural landscape gene theory is originated from the real demand of traditional settlement protection and development, the demand of cultural landscape innovation research, and the sociological application of the "gene" theory; 2) The theory of cultural landscape gene can be divided into three stages: Preliminary theory exploration (before 2003), theory molding and perfecting (2003-present), theory application and diffusion (2010-present); 3) Its application and diffusion have formed three main branches. 4) Although the theory of landscape genetics has been widely used, in the actual research process, there are some basic concepts of cognitive misunderstanding, cross-disciplinary "incompatible" and other issues.

导出引用

刘沛林, 曾灿, 郑文武. 文化景观基因理论缘起、发展与多学科扩散[J]. 人文地理. 2024, 39(6): 15-22 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2024.06.003

LIU Pei-lin, ZENG Can, ZHENG Wen-wu. THE DEVELOPMENT AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY PROLIFERATION OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE GENETIC THEORY[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2024, 39(6): 15-22 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2024.06.003

中图分类号： K901.6

参考文献

[1] 胡最, 刘春腊, 邓运员, 等.传统聚落景观基因及其研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2012, 31(12):1620-1627. [Hu Zui, Liu Chunla, Deng Yunyuan, et al. Research progress on traditional settlements landscape's gene[J]. Progress in Geography, 2012, 31(12):1620-1627.]
[2] Peilin L, Can Z, Ruirui L. Environmental adaptation of traditional Chinese settlement patterns and its landscape gene mapping[J/OL]. Habitat International, 2023, 135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2023.102808.
[3] 刘沛林.古村落文化景观的基因表达与景观识别[J]. 衡阳师范学院学报(社会科学), 2003(4):1-8. [Liu Peilin. The gene expression and the sight identification of the ancient villages' cultural landscape[J]. Journal of Hengyang Normal University(Social Science), 2003(4):1-8.]
[4] 刘沛林.家园的景观与基因[M]. 北京: 商务印书馆, 2014:101-103. [Liu Peilin. Traditional Settlement Cultural Landscape Gene: A Precise Interpretation for Traditional Settlement Landscape Gene's Maps[M]. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2014:101-103.]
[5] 肖竞, 张晴晴, 肖天意, 等. 传统聚落景观基因的“多尺度”识别与“双系统”解译：以川西羌族聚落研究为例[J]. 小城镇建设, 2021, 39(2): 57-65, 84. [Xiao Jing, Zhang Qingqing, Xiao Tianyi, et al. Multi-scale identification and dual system interpretation of landscape genes in traditional settlement: A case study of traditional Qiang minority settlement in western Sichuan[J]. Development of Small Cites &Towns, 2021, 39(2):57-65, 84.]
[6] 胡最, 刘沛林.中国传统聚落景观基因组图谱特征[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(10): 1592-1605. [Hu Zui, Liu Peilin. The conceptual model and characterization of landscape genome maps of traditional settlements in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(10):1592-1605.]
[7] Murphy M, Dyer R, Cushman S A. Graph Theory and Network Models in Landscape Genetics[M]. Manhattan: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015:165-180.
[8] 胡最, 刘沛林, 陈影.传统聚落景观基因信息图谱单元研究[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2009, 25(5):79-83. [Hu Zui, Liu Peilin, Chen Ying. A research on graphic methodology unit model of traditional settlement landscape[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2009, 25(5):79-83.]
[9] 翟洲燕, 常芳, 李同昇, 等.陕西省传统村落文化遗产景观基因组图谱研究[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2018, 34(3):87-94, 113. [Zhai Zh-ouyan, Chang Fang, Li Tongsheng, et al. Research on the cultural heritage landscape genome maps of traditional villages in Shaanxi province[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2018, 34(3):87-94, 113.]
[10] 刘沛林. 中国传统聚落景观基因图谱的构建与应用研究[D]. 北京:北京大学, 2011:1-240. [Liu Peilin. On Construction and Utilization of Chinese Traditional Settlement Landscape's Genetic Map [D]. Beijing: Beijing Univesity, 2011:1-240.]
[11] 胡最, 刘沛林, 邓运员, 等.传统聚落景观基因的识别与提取方法研究[J]. 地理科学, 2015, 35(12):1518-1524. [Hu Zui, Liu Peilin, Deng Yunyuan, et al. A novel method for identifying and separating landscape genes from traditional settlements[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2015, 35(12):1518-1524.]
[12] 刘沛林, 刘春腊, 邓运员, 等.基于景观基因完整性理念的传统聚落保护与开发[J]. 经济地理, 2009, 29(10):1731-1736. [Liu Peilin, Liu Chunla, Deng Yunyuan, et al. Study on ancient village's protection and development which based on the concept of landscape-gene's integrity[J]. Economic Geography, 2009, 29(10):1731-1736.]
[13] 刘沛林, 刘春腊, 邓运员, 等.客家传统聚落景观基因识别及其地学视角的解析[J]. 人文地理, 2009, 24(6):40-43. [Liu Peilin, Liu Chunla, Deng Yunyuan, et al. Study on the identification of Hakka traditional village's landscape genes and analysis in the prespective of geography[J]. Human Geography, 2009, 24(6):40-43.]
[14] 彭科, 罗凯.传统村落景观基因识别流程研究：以通道皇都侗文化村为例[J]. 衡阳师范学院学报, 2020, 41(6):19-25. [Peng Ke, Luo Kai. Identifying flow of landscape genes in traditional village: A case study of Huangdu Dong cultural village in Tongdao[J]. Journal of Hengyang Normal University, 2020, 41(6):19-25.]
[15] 胡最, 郑文武, 刘沛林, 等.湖南省传统聚落景观基因组图谱的空间形态与结构特征[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(2):317-332. [Hu Zui, Zheng Wenwu, Liu Peilin, et al. The forms and structures of traditional landscape genome maps: A case study of Hunan province[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018, 73(2):317-332.]
[16] 刘沛林, 刘春腊, 邓运员, 等.中国传统聚落景观区划及景观基因识别要素研究[J]. 地理学报, 2010, 65(12):1496-1506. [ Liu Peilin, Liu Chunla, Deng Yunyuan, et al. Landscape division of traditional settlement and effect elements of landscape gene in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(12):1496-1506.]
[17] 杨晓俊, 方传珊, 王益益.传统村落景观基因信息链与自动识别模型构建：以陕西省为例[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(6):1378-1388. [Yang Xiaojun, Fang Chuanshan, Wang Yiyi. Construction of traditional village landscape gene information chain and automatic recognition model: A case study of Shaanxi province[J]. Geographical Research, 2019, 38(6):1378-1388.]
[18] 曹帅强, 贺建丹, 邓运员.基于GIS的非物质文化遗产景观基因识别与表达：以湖南省为例[J]. 云南地理环境研究, 2016, 28(4):2, 8-14. [Cao Shuaiqiang, He Jiandan, Deng Yunyuan. Information tupu of intangible cultural heritage landscape gene GIS Hunan province [J]. Yunnan Geographic Environment Research, 2016, 28(4):2, 8-14.]
[19] 刘沛林.中国传统村落意象的构成标志[J]. 衡阳师专学报(社会科学), 1994(5):62-67. [Liu Peilin. The constituent symbols of traditional Chinese village imagery[J]. Journal of Hengyang Teachers College(Social Science), 1994(5):62-67.]
[20] 刘沛林. 传统村落选址的意象研究[J]. 中国历史地理论丛, 1995(1):119-128. [Liu Peilin. A study on the imagery of traditional village site selection[J]. Chinese Historical Geography Essay Series, 1995(1):119-128.]
[21] 刘沛林.中国历史文化村落的空间构成及其地域文化特点[J]. 衡阳师专学报(社会科学), 1996(2):83-87. [Liu Peilin. The spatial composition and regional cultural characteristics of Chinese historical and cultural villages[J]. Journal of Hengyang Teachers College(Social Science), 1996(2):83-87.]
[22] 刘沛林, 董双双.中国古村落景观的空间意象研究[J]. 地理研究, 1998, 17(1):32-39. [Liu Peilin, Dong Shuangshuang. Study of landscapeimage of Chinese ancient village[J]. Geography Research, 1998, 17(1): 32-39.]
[23] 刘沛林. 古村落——独特的人居文化空间[J]. 人文地理, 1998, 13(1):38-41. [Liu Peilin. Ancient Village: The unique space of human settlement culture[J]. Human Geography, 1998, 13(1):38-41.]
[24] 刘沛林.中国古村落的景观建构[J]. 寻根, 1997(4):25-28. [Liu Peilin. Landscape construction of ancient Chinese villages[J]. Root Exploration, 1997(4):25-28.]
[25] 申秀英, 刘沛林, 邓运员.景观“基因图谱”视角的聚落文化景观区系研究[J]. 人文地理, 2006, 21(4):109-112. [Shen Xiuying, Liu Peilin, Deng Yunyuan. Seeking the landscape's genes atlas: One kind of new angle of view about settlement's cultural landscape districts research[J]. Human Geography, 2006, 21(4):109-112.]
[26] 刘沛林“. 景观信息链”理论及其在文化旅游地规划中的运用[J]. 经济地理, 2008, 28(6):1035-1039. [Liu Peilin. "Landscape information chain" theory and its utilization in planning of cultural tour destinations[J]. Economic Geography, 2008, 28(6):1035-1039.]
[27] 蒋思珩, 樊亚明, 郑文俊.国内景观基因理论及其应用研究进展[J]. 西部人居环境学刊, 2021, 36(1):84-91. [Jiang Siheng, Fan Yaming, Zheng Wenjun. Research progress on landscape's gene theory and its utilization in China[J]. Journal of Human Settlements in West China, 2021, 36(1):84-91.]
[28] 向远林, 曹明明, 翟洲燕, 等.陕西窑洞传统乡村聚落景观基因组图谱构建及特征分析[J]. 人文地理, 2019, 34(6):82-90.[Xiang Yuanlin, Cao Mingming, Zhai Zhouyan, et al. The landscape genome maps construction and characteristics analysis of Shaanxi traditional rural cave dwelling settlements[J]. Human Geography, 2019, 34(6):82-90.]
[29] 王兆峰, 李琴, 吴卫.武陵山区传统村落文化遗产景观基因组图谱构建及特征分析[J]. 经济地理, 2021, 41(11):225-231.[Wang Zhaofeng, Li Qin, Wu Wei. Genome map construction of the cultural heritage landscape and its characteristics in traditional villages of Wuling mountain area[J]. Economic Geography, 2021, 41(11):225-231.]
[30] 胡最, 邓运员, 刘沛林, 等.传统聚落文化景观基因的符号机制[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(4):789-803. [Hu Zui, Deng Yunyuan, Liu Peilin, et al. The semiotic mechanism of cultural landscape genes of traditional settlements[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(4):789-803.]
[31] 印朗川, 李伯华, 刘沛林, 等.传统聚落景观基因胞的生物特征研究[J]. 经济地理, 2022, 42(3):182-189. [Yin Langchuan, Li Bohua, Liu Peilin, et al. Biological characteristics of landscape gene cells in traditional settlements[J]. Economic Geography, 2022, 42(3):182-189.]
[32] 詹琳, 黄佳, 王春, 等.基于景观基因理论的红色旅游资源三维数字化呈现：以清水塘毛泽东杨开慧故居为例[J]. 旅游学刊, 2022, 37(7):54-64. [Zhan Lin, Huang Jia, Wang Chun, et al. Three-dimensional digital presentation of red tourism resources based on landscape gene theory: Taking the former residence of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui in Qingshuitang as an example[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2022, 37(7):54-64.]
[33] 刘沛林, 李雪静, 杨立国, 等.文旅融合视角下传统村落景观数字化监测预警模式[J]. 经济地理, 2022, 42(9):193-200, 210. [Liu Peilin, Li Xuejing, Yang Liguo, et al. Digital monitoring and warning model of traditional village landscape from the perspective of culture and tourism integration[J]. Economic Geography, 2022, 42(9): 193-200, 210.]
[34] 邓运员, 代侦勇, 刘沛林.基于GIS的中国南方传统聚落景观保护管理信息系统初步研究[J]. 测绘科学, 2006, 31(4):74-77. [Deng Yunyuan, Dai Zhenyong, Liu Peilin. A pilot study of the GIS-based management information system for the preservation of the traditional settlements landscape in the south of China[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2006, 31(4):74-77.]
[35] 胡最, 刘沛林.GeoDesign与传统聚落景观基因理论框架的整合探索[J]. 经济地理, 2021, 41(8):223-231.[Hu Zui, Liu Peilin. Exploration on the combination of GeoDesign and the theory of cultural landscape genes of traditional settlements[J]. Economic Geography, 2021, 41(8):223-231.]
[36] Hui C. Analysis of landscape gene identification and its characteristics of traditional villages: A case study of Zhuge Bagua village[J]. Journal of Landscape Research, 2020, 12(3):101-107.
[37] Hu, Z, Strobl J, Min Q, et al. Visualizing the cultural landscape gene of traditional settlements in China: A semiotic perspective[J]. Heritage Science, 2021, 9(1):1-19.
[38] Xu L, Liu K, Sang K, et al. Assessment of the exterior quality of traditional residences: A genetic algorithm-back propagation approach [J/OL]. Buildings, 2022, 12(5): 559. http://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12050559.
[39] Han Q, Yin C, Deng Y, et al. Towards classification of architectural styles of Chinese traditional settlements using deep learning: A dataset, a new framework, and its interpretability[J/OL]. Remote Sens. 2022, 14(20):5250. http://doi.org/10.3390/rs14205250.
[40] 覃巧华, 肖大威, 骆明楠, 等.基于卷积神经网络的传统村落图景分类研究[J]. 城市规划, 2020, 44(7):52-58. [Qin Qiaohua, Xiao Dawei, Luo Mingnan, et al. A study on the classification of traditional village images based on convolutional neural network[J]. City Planning Review, 2020, 44(7):52-58.]
[41] 林润泽, 杨帆, 张丹, 等.闽江流域传统村落景观特征提取与区系划分[J]. 南方建筑, 2022(4):54-60. [Lin Runze, Yang Fan, Zhang Dan, et al. Landscape feature extraction and floristic division of traditional villages in the Minjiang River basin[J]. South Architecture, 2022(4):54-60.]
[42] 李慧敏, 杨豪中. 基于(HUL)视域的西安城市历史文化景观整体性保护策略研究[J]. 华中建筑, 2018, 36(7):12-14. [Li Huimin, Yang Haozhong. The holistic protection strategy of urban historical and cultural landscape of Xi'an premised on (HUL) horizon[J]. Huazhong Architecture, 2018, 36(7):12-14.]
[43] 向远林, 曹明明, 秦进, 等.基于精准修复的陕西传统乡村聚落景观基因变异性研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(9):1544-1556. [Xiang Yuanlin, Cao Mingming, Qin Jin, et al. Study of traditional rural settlements landscape genetic variability in Shaanxi province based on accurate-restoration[J]. Progress in Geography, 2020, 39(9):1544-1556.]
[44] 黄宗胜, 王志泰, 龚鑘, 等. 空间基因相关研究进展[J]. 华中建筑, 2020, 38(11):13-16. [Huang Zongsheng, Wang Zhitai, Gong Lei, et al. Related research progress of space gene[J]. Huazhong Architecture, 2020, 38(11):13-16.]
[45] Huiwen X, Qin Y, Minging X, et al. Study on the "Space Gene" diversity of traditional Dong villages in the southwest hunan province of China[J/OL]. Sustainability, 2022, 14(21):14306. http://doi.org/10.3390/su142114306.
[46] Fang W, Yelin F. Spatial distribution and formation mechanism of Chinese folk song cultural landscape genes[J]. Journal of Landscape Research, 2016, 8(4):93-97.
[47] Chunlin Z, Yao L. Rural planning based on landscape information chain theory: A case study of Jiabi village in Maoba county, Lichuan city[J]. Journal of Landscape Research, 2018, 10(1):21-24.
[48] 柯月嫦, 张震方, 杨梅, 等.景观基因链理论下的研学旅行线路设计研究：以大理喜洲古镇为例[J]. 地理教学, 2020(22):53-57. [Ke Yuechang, Zhang Zhenfang, Yang Mei, et al. Research on the design of study tour routes under the landscape gene chain theory: Taking Xizhou ancient town in Dali as an example[J]. Geography Teaching, 2020(22):53-57.]
[49] 杨立国, 刘沛林, 林琳.传统村落景观基因在地方认同建构中的作用效应：以侗族村寨为例[J]. 地理科学, 2015, 35(5):593-598. [Yang Liguo, Liu Peilin, Lin Lin. The effect of traditional village landscape genes in construction place identity: Taking the Dong minority village as an example[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2015, 35(5):593-598.]
[50] Chaojun L, Shanshan L. Application of landscape gene information chain in tourism development of traditional human settlements: A case study of Daqitou village in Sanshui district, Foshan city[J]. Journal of Landscape Research, 2017, 9(2):42-46.
[51] Zeng C, Liu P, Huang L, et al. Features of architectural landscape fragmentation in traditional villages in western Hunan, China[J/OL]. Scientific Reports, 2023, 13(1):18633. http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45099-y.