生命历程视角下青年人才流动过程及机制研究

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.02.006

摘要
图/表
参考文献(0)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (3557 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要基于生命历程视角，通过对北京、武汉二市青年人才的深度访谈，并借助NVivo，使用开放式编码、主轴分析等方法，多维度、动态性地展现青年人才空间选择的全过程，深度挖掘其空间选择的动因及机制。研究发现：①青年人才空间选择行为存在明显的分阶段特征，初次选择时向上流动趋势显著，而再次选择时呈现多样化趋势。②生命历程视角下，青年人才流动本质是多因素影响下的复杂博弈，其在不同阶段主导影响因素差异显著。初次流动阶段，升学为首要考量因素，高等级城市是青年人才的首选。再次流动中的初入社会阶段，青年人才则受职业生涯和社会网络影响选择留在就读地或到靠近家乡的大城市。成家立业阶段，职业发展和生活质量追求的分异，导致青年人才空间选择呈现两极分化趋势。追求职业高峰的青年人才受职业生涯影响选择留在高等级城市，而追求生活品质的青年人才则因居住条件、居留政策、婚姻与家庭等其他因素选择降级流动。本研究以生命历程为视角弥补了现有研究过于强调城市因素影响的局限性，为不同城市制定人才引进政策提供科学依据，对实现城市高质量发展以及“人才强国”战略具有重要意义。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	林赛南
	贾炳尧
	陈诚

关键词 ：生命历程, 青年人才, 空间选择, 流动性, 质性研究

Abstract：Young talents are a crucial component of national strategic talent reserves and play a significant role in the high-quality development of cities. This study, based on the life course perspective, examines the entire process of spatial choices made by highly educated young talents in Beijing and Wuhan through indepth interviews. Utilizing NVivo for open coding and principal axis analysis, the study explores the underlying motivations and mechanisms behind their spatial decisions. The findings reveal that: 1) The spatial choice behavior of young talents exhibits distinct phased characteristics. During the initial selection, there is a significant upward mobility trend, while subsequent choices show a diversification trend. 2) From the perspective of the life course, the mobility of young talents is a complex game influenced by multiple factors, with significant differences in the dominant influencing factors at different stages. This study, by adopting a life course perspective, addresses the limitations of existing research that overly emphasizes urban factors. It provides a scientific basis for cities to formulate talent attraction policies and holds significant implications for achieving high-quality urban development and the "talent-driven nation" strategy.

Key words： life course young talent spatial choice mobility qualitative research

收稿日期: 2024-04-07

PACS:

K901.3

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（42171205，42471276）

通讯作者: 陈诚(1999—),女,河南信阳人,硕士生,主要研究方向为人口流动、城市网络、城市地理。E-mail:522022360079@smail.nju.edu.cn。 E-mail: 522022360079@smail.nju.edu.cn。

作者简介: 林赛南（1987—），女，浙江永嘉人，博士，副教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为人口流动与城镇化、城市地理。E-mail:sainan.lin@whu.edu.cn。

引用本文:

林赛南, 贾炳尧, 陈诚. 生命历程视角下青年人才流动过程及机制研究[J]. 人文地理, 2025, 40(2): 53-61. LIN Sai-nan, JIA Bing-yao, CHEN Cheng. PROCESS AND MECHANISM OF YOUNG TALENT MOBILITY FROM A LIFE COURSE PERSPECTIVE. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2025, 40(2): 53-61.

链接本文:

http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.02.006 或 http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V40/I2/53

[1]	习近平.深入实施新时代人才强国战略加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地[J].求贤,2021(12):6-9.[Xi Jinping. In-depth implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country with talents in the new era, and accelerating the construction of the world's important talent center and innovation highland[J]. Talents Seeking, 2021(12):6-9.]
[2]	林赛南,王雨,马海涛.中国高学历流动人口流动的空间特征及形成机制[J].地理研究,2022,41(12):3229-3244.[Lin Sainan, Wang Yu, Ma Haitao. Spatial mobility pattern of highly educated migrants and its mechanisms in China[J]. Geographical Research, 2022,41(12):3229-3244.]
[3]	刘旭阳,金牛.城市"抢人大战"政策再定位:聚焦青年流动人才的分析[J].中国青年研究,2019(9):47-53.[Liu Xuyang, Jin Niu. Repositioning the urban "War for People" policy:Focusing on the analysis of young floating talents[J]. China Youth Study, 2019(9):47-53.]
[4]	赵连阁,钟搏,王学渊.劳动力异质性、人口迁移壁垒与地区收入差距研究[J].商业研究,2014(2):8-14.[Zhao Liange, Zhong Bo, Wang Xueyuan. Labor force heterogeneity, population migration barrier and regional income disparity[J]. Commercial Research, 2014(2):8-14.]
[5]	Bailey A, Mulder C. Highly skilled migration between the Global North and South:Gender, life courses and institutions[J]. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 2017,43(16):2689-2703.
[6]	刘晔,沈建法,刘于琪.西方高端人才跨国流动研究述评[J].人文地理, 2013,28(2):7-12.[Liu Ye, Shen Jianfa, Liu Yuqi. Transnational mobility of the highly skilled:A review[J]. Human Geography, 2013,28(2):7-12.]
[7]	林赛南,冯馨,王雨.流动人口再流动的空间选择特征及影响因素[J].地理科学,2023,43(9):1537-1547.[Lin Sainan, Feng Xin, Wang Yu. Migrants'spatial choice in onward migration:Features and mechanisms[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2023,43(9):1537-1547.]
[8]	杨雪,樊洺均.新生代高学历流动人口的流向选择及影响机制[J].人口学刊,2019,41(6):64-77.[Yang Xue, Fan Mingjun. The flow choice and influence mechanism of the new generation of highly educated floating population[J]. Population Journal, 2019,41(6):64-77.]
[9]	Elder G. The life course as developmental theory[J]. Child Development, 1998,69(1):1-12.
[10]	Elder G. Time, human agency, and social-change:Perspectives on the life-course[J]. Social Psychology Quarterly, 1994,57(1):4-15.
[11]	Bettin G, Cela E, Fokkema T. Return intentions over the life course:Evidence on the effects of life events from a longitudinal sample of first and second-generation Turkish migrants in Germany[J]. Demographic Research, 2018,39:1009-1038.
[12]	Kõu A, Mulder C H, Bailey A.'For the sake of the family and future':The linked lives of highly skilled Indian migrants[J]. Journal of Ethnic&Migration Studies, 2017(5):1-18.
[13]	Mayer K, Schoepflin U. The state and the life course[J]. Annual Review of Sociology, 1989,15:187-209.
[14]	Peters F, Vink M, Schmeets H. The ecology of immigrant naturalisation:A life course approach in the context of institutional conditions[J]. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 2016,42(3):359-381.
[15]	Kilkey M, Ryan L. Unsettling events:Understanding migrants'responses to geopolitical transformative episodes through a life-course lens[J]. International Migration Review, 2021,55(1):227-253.
[16]	古杰,周素红,闫小培.生命历程视角下的广州市居民居住迁移的时空路径[J].地理研究,2013,32(1):157-165.[Gu Jie, Zhou Suhong, Yan Xiaopei. The space-time paths of residential mobility in Guangzhou from a perspective of life course[J]. Geographical Research, 2013,32(1):157-165.]
[17]	梁土坤.居住证制度、生命历程与新生代流动人口心理融入:基于2017年珠三角地区流动人口监测数据的实证分析[J].公共管理学报,2020,17(1):96-109,172-173.[Liang Tukun. Residence permit system, life course and psychological integration of the new generation of floating population:An empirical analysis based on the monitoring data of the floating population in the Pearl River Delta in 2017[J]. Journal of Public Management, 2020, 17(1):96-109,172-173.]
[18]	曾迪洋.生命历程视角下台湾大陆配偶的融入困境与社会支持[J].台湾研究集刊,2017(2):94-102.[Zeng Diyang. The integration predicament and social supports of Mainland-Taiwan spouses in Taiwan:A life course perspective[J]. Taiwan Research Journal, 2017(2):94-102.]
[19]	Clark W. Life events and moves under duress:Disruption in the life course and mobility outcomes[J]. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, 2016,7(3):218-239.
[20]	Clark W, Huang Y Q. The life course and residential mobility in British housing markets[J]. Environment and Planning A, 2003,35(2):323-339.
[21]	Liversage A, Mirdal G. Growing old in exile:A longitudinal study of migrant women from Turkey[J]. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 2017,43(2):287-302.
[22]	何骏,高向东.长距离迁移对流动人口健康水平的影响:基于流动人口动态监测数据的分析[J].地理科学,2022,42(12):2109-2118.[He Jun, Gao Xiangdong. Impact of long-distance migration on health:Evidence from China monitoring dynamic survey[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2022,42(12):2109-2118.]
[23]	刘晔,黄翠盈,李晴,等. 2000-2020年中国高学历人才分布格局及其影响因素研究[J].地理研究,2023,42(11):2827-2844.[Liu Ye, Huang Cuiying, Li Qing, et al. Spatial patterns and determinants of highly educated talent in China, 2000-2020[J]. Geographical Research, 2023,42(11):2827-2844.]
[24]	陈向明.扎根理论的思路和方法[J].教育研究与实验,1999(4):58-63, 73.[Chen Xiangming. Ideas and methods of taking root in theory[J]. Educational Research and Experiment, 1999(4):58-63,73.]
[25]	张文佳,王雨润,阴劼.深圳市高学历人才迁入格局的时空演化与驱动因素:基于1980-2014年个体迁移大数据[J].地理科学, 2023,43(2):262-271.[Zhang Wenjia, Wang Yurun, Yin Jie. Spatiotemporal pattern changes and driving factors of highly-educated immigrants in Shenzhen:Analysis based on microscale big data from 1980 to 2014[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2023,43(2):262-271.]
[26]	付晓光,段成荣,郭静.城市人户分离现状及其引致原因[J].城市问题,2015(3):81-85,104.[Fu Xiaoguang, Duan Chengrong, Guo Jing. The current situation of urban household separation and its causes[J]. Urban Problems, 2015(3):81-85,104.]
[27]	马莉萍,潘昆峰.留还是流?——高校毕业生就业地选择与生源地、院校地关系的实证研究[J].清华大学教育研究,2013,34(5):118-124.[Ma Liping, Pan Kunfeng. Stay or Flow?An empirical study on the relationship between the employment choice of college graduates and the source of students and the location of universities[J]. Tsinghua Journal of Education, 2013,34(5):118-124.]
[28]	Mulder C, Wagner M. Migration and marriage in the life-course:A Method for studying synchronized events[J]. European Journal of Population, 1993,9(1):55-76.
[29]	Kley S, Mulder C. Considering, planning, and realizing migration in early adulthood. The influence of life-course events and perceived opportunities on leaving the city in Germany[J]. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 2010,25(1):73-94.
[30]	吴蔚然,许宇博,桂小钦,等.留学人员回国求职意愿明显增强:疫情下的中国留学人员现状调查[J].神州学人,2022(1):22-27.[Wu Weiran, Xu Yubo, Gui Xiaoqin, et al. The willingness of overseas students to return to China to seek jobs has increased significantly:A survey of the current situation of Chinese overseas students under the epidemic situation[J]. China Scholars Abroad, 2022(1):22-27.]
[31]	Harvey W. British and Indian scientists moving to the United States[J]. Work and Occupations, 2011,38(1):68-100.
[32]	Kõu A, Bailey A. "Movement is a constant feature in my life": Contextualising migration processes of highly skilled Indians[J]. Geoforum, 2014,52:113-122.
[33]	Kley S. Explaining the stages of migration within a life-course framework[J]. European Sociological Review, 2011,27(4):469-486.
[34]	Larsen J, Allan H, Bryan K, et al. Overseas nurses'motivations for working in the UK:Globalization and life politics[J]. Work Employment and Society, 2005,19(2):349-368.
[35]	李丽梅,陈赟.中国超大城市流动人口的市民权获得研究:一个流动性和非流动性的解释框架[J].人文地理,2024,39(1):101-112.[Li Limei, Chen Yun. A study on migrants'attainment of urban citizenship in a Chinese megacity:An explanatory framework of mobility and immobility[J]. Human Geography, 2024,39(1):101-112.]